Lupus erythematosushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupus_erythematosus
Lupus erythematosus ndi matenda a autoimmune omwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimaukira molakwika minofu yathanzi m'mbali zambiri za thupi. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi monga zopweteka ndi kutupa mafupa, kutentha thupi, kupweteka pachifuwa, kuthothoka tsitsi, zilonda zamkamwa, kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes, kutopa, ndi zotupa zofiira zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonekera kumaso. Azimayi a msinkhu wobereka amakhudzidwa pafupifupi nthawi zisanu ndi zinayi kuposa amuna. Ngakhale nthawi zambiri amayamba pakati pa zaka 15 ndi 45.

Chifukwa cha lupus erythematosus sichidziwika bwino. Pakati pa mapasa ofanana, ngati mmodzi akhudzidwa pali mwayi wa 24% kuti winayo akhalenso. Mahomoni ogonana achikazi, kuwala kwa dzuwa, kusuta, kusowa kwa vitamini D, ndi matenda ena amakhulupiliranso kuti amawonjezera chiopsezo.

Mankhwala angaphatikizepo NSAIDs, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, hydroxychloroquine, ndi methotrexate. Ngakhale kuti corticosteroids ndi yothandiza, kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yaitali kumabweretsa zotsatirapo.

☆ Muzotsatira za 2022 Stiftung Warentest zochokera ku Germany, kukhutitsidwa kwa ogula ndi ModelDerm kunali kotsika pang'ono kusiyana ndi kuyankhulana kwa telemedicine komwe kulipiridwa.
  • Mosiyana ndi chithunzichi, ndizovuta kwambiri kuti vutoli lizichitika pankhope kusiyana ndi torso.
  • Zikuwoneka ngati erythema yofiirira pang'ono.
  • Ziphuphu zagulugufe zomwe zimawonekera pankhope.
  • Nthawi zambiri imawonekera m'malo omwe ali ndi dzuwa ndipo imawoneka ngati chilonda.
  • Discoid lupus erythematosus
  • Facial erysipelas
References Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: Progress and Challenges 32248318 
NIH
Kuzindikiritsa ndikuyika cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) kumabweretsa zovuta zowunikira, kusiyanitsa ndi systemic lupus erythematosus ndi kukhudzidwa kwa khungu. Kafukufuku waposachedwapa akuunikira za majini, chilengedwe, ndi chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimayambitsa CLE. Kulowetsedwa kwa mankhwala kwatulukira ngati chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zoyambitsa CLE. Kuchiza kumaphatikizapo njira zochiritsira zam'mutu komanso zam'dongosolo, kuphatikiza kulonjeza kwa biologics (belimumab, rituximab, ustekinumab, anifrolumab, BIIB059) , zokhala ndi zowoneka bwino pamayesero azachipatala.
Diagnostic challenges exist in better defining cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) as an independent disease distinct from systemic lupus erythematosus with cutaneous features and further classifying CLE based on clinical, histological, and laboratory features. Recent mechanistic studies revealed more genetic variations, environmental triggers, and immunologic dysfunctions that are associated with CLE. Drug induction specifically has emerged as one of the most important triggers for CLE. Treatment options include topical agents and systemic therapies, including newer biologics such as belimumab, rituximab, ustekinumab, anifrolumab, and BIIB059 that have shown good clinical efficacy in trials.
 Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: Diagnosis and treatment 24238695 
NIH
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) imakhudza zovuta zosiyanasiyana zapakhungu, zina zomwe zimatha kukhudzana ndi zovuta zaumoyo. Zimagawidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, monga acute CLE (ACLE) , sub-acute CLE (SCLE) , and chronic CLE (CCLE) . CCLE imakhala ndi discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) , LE profundus (LEP) , chilblain cutaneous lupus, and lupus tumidus.
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) encompasses a wide range of dermatologic manifestations, which may or may not be associated with the development of systemic disease. Cutaneous lupus is divided into several sub-types, including acute CLE (ACLE), sub-acute CLE (SCLE) and chronic CLE (CCLE). CCLE includes discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), LE profundus (LEP), chilblain cutaneous lupus and lupus tumidus.
 Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: An Update on Pathogenesis and Future Therapeutic Directions 37140884 
NIH
Lupus erythematosus ndi gulu la matenda a autoimmune omwe amatha kukhudza magawo osiyanasiyana amthupi. Mitundu ina, monga systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) , imakhudza ziwalo zingapo, pamene zina, monga cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) , zimakhudza kwambiri khungu. Timayika mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya CLE kutengera kusakanikirana kwa zizindikiro zachipatala, kuyezetsa minofu, ndi kuyezetsa magazi, koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa anthu. Matenda a pakhungu nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha zinthu monga kutentha kwa dzuwa, kusuta, kapena mankhwala ena.
Lupus erythematosus comprises a spectrum of autoimmune diseases that may affect various organs (systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE]) or the skin only (cutaneous lupus erythematosus [CLE]). Typical combinations of clinical, histological and serological findings define clinical subtypes of CLE, yet there is high interindividual variation. Skin lesions arise in the course of triggers such as ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, smoking or drugs