وڌيڪ ڄاڻ ― سنڌي

Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.

Panniculitis سوزش واري بيمارين جو هڪ متفاوت گروپ ٺاهي ٿو جنهن ۾ ذيلي ذيلي ايڊپوز ٽشو شامل آهن. اهي خرابيون ٻارن ۾ نادر آهن. Panniculitis هڪ سسٽماتي خرابي يا ثانوي عمل ۾ بنيادي عمل ٿي سگهي ٿو جيڪو انفيڪشن، صدمو يا دوا جي نمائش جي نتيجي ۾. Panniculitis جي اڪثر قسمن ۾ هڪ ئي ڪلينڪل پيشڪش آهي (بغير ايٽولوجي جي) ، نرم، erythematous subcutaneous nodules سان.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.

Panniculitis، ذيلي چربی جي سوزش، عام طور تي سوزش واري نوڊولس سان پيش ٿيندي آهي. Erythema nodosum (EN) ڪلينڪ طور تي panniculitis جو سڀ کان وڌيڪ عام روپ آهي. جڏهن ته 55٪ تائين EN کي idiopathic سمجهيو ويندو آهي، عام سببن ۾ انفيڪشن، دوائون، سسٽماتي بيماريون جهڙوڪ سرڪوڊس ۽ سوزش واري آنت جي بيماري، حمل، ۽ خرابيون شامل آهن. EN عام طور تي نوجوانن ۽ 20 جي ڏهاڪي ۾ ظاهر ٿيندي آهي، ۽ عورتن ۾ وڌيڪ عام ڏسجي ٿي. عام طور تي اهو هڪ کان ٽن هفتن جي غير مخصوص پروڊروم سان گڏ هوندو آهي، جنهن ۾ بخار، بيزارگي، ۽ مٿين تنفس رستي جي انفيڪشن جون علامات شامل ٿي سگهن ٿيون. چمڙيءَ جا زخم پوءِ ظاهر ٿيندا آهن، عام طور تي اعضاء جي extensors پاسي تي مقامي. زخم دردناڪ، گول يا بيضا، ٿورڙا اڀريا، غير السرٽيل ڳاڙهي نوڊولس. EN جي صحيح pathogenesis اڃا سمجهي نه سگهجي آهي، جيتوڻيڪ اهو سمجهيو ويندو آهي ته مدافعتي ڪمپليڪس جي ذخيري جي venules ۾ subcutaneous fat ۾ neutrophilic panniculitis سبب ٿيندو آهي. خاص علاج کان سواءِ سبب جي حالت لاءِ، EN اڪثر ڪيسن ۾ بغير علاج جي پاڻمرادو حل ٿي وڃي ٿو.
Panniculitis, inflammation of the subcutaneous fat, usually presents with inflammatory nodules. Erythema nodosum (EN) is clinically the most frequent form of panniculitis. Whilst up to 55% of EN is considered idiopathic, the most common causes include infections, drugs, systemic illnesses such as sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and malignancy. EN typically presents in the teens and 20s, and is seen more commonly in females. It is often preceded by a non-specific prodrome of one to three weeks, which may include fever, malaise, and symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. Cutaneous lesions then follow, typically localized on the extensor aspect of the limbs. The lesions are painful rounded or oval, slightly raised, non-ulcerative red nodules. The exact pathogenesis of EN is not understood, although is thought to result from deposition of immune complexes in the venules of the septae in subcutaneous fat, causing a neutrophilic panniculitis. Even without specific therapy for a causative condition, EN resolves without treatment in most cases.