وڌيڪ ڄاڻ ― سنڌي

Vitiligo هڪ عام چمڙي جي خرابي آهي جيڪا melanocytes جي نقصان جي ڪري سفيد چمڙي جا پيچ پيدا ڪري ٿي. تازي تحقيق ڏيکاري ٿي ته اهو هڪ آٽو ايميون بيماري آهي. جڏهن ته اهو اڪثر ڪري هڪ کاسمتيڪ مسئلو طور ڏٺو ويندو آهي، اهو تمام گهڻي ذهني خوشحالي ۽ روزاني زندگي تي اثر انداز ڪري سگهي ٿو. 2011 ۾، ماهرن هڪ قسم جي درجه بندي ڪئي جنهن کي سڏيو ويندو آهي segmental vitiligo ٻين کان الڳ.
Vitiligo is a common skin disorder that causes patches of white skin due to the loss of melanocytes. Recent research shows it's an autoimmune disease. While it's often seen as a cosmetic issue, it can deeply affect mental well-being and daily life. In 2011, experts classified a type called segmental vitiligo separately from others.

فعال ويٽيليگو مريضن وٽ ڪيترائي علاج جا اختيار آھن، جھڙوڪ سسٽماتي گلوڪوڪوورٽيڪائڊس، ڦوٽوٿراپي، ۽ سسٽماتي امونسوپريسنٽس. مستحڪم vitiligo مريض شايد مقامي corticosteroids، topical calcineurin inhibitors، phototherapy، ۽ ٽرانسپلانٽيشن جي طريقيڪار مان راحت حاصل ڪري سگھن ٿا. ويٽيليگو جي بنيادي عملن کي سمجھڻ ۾ تازيون واڌايون ھدف ٿيل علاج جي ترقي جو سبب بڻيل آھن. في الحال، JAK inhibitors سڀ کان وڌيڪ واعدو ڪندڙ آهن، پيش ڪن ٿا سٺي رواداري ۽ ڪارڪردگي نتيجن جي باوجود، لڪير واري انفيڪشن کي چالو ڪرڻ جي خطري جي باوجود ۽ سسٽماتي ضمني اثرات ٻين مدافعتي ايجنٽ سان عام آهن. جاري تحقيق جو مقصد وٽيليگو جي ترقي (IFN-γ, CXCL10, CXCR3, HSP70i, IL-15, IL-17/23, TNF) ۾ ملوث اهم سائيٽوڪائنز جي نشاندهي ڪرڻ آهي. انهن سائيٽوڪائنز کي بلاڪ ڪرڻ جانورن جي ماڊل ۽ ڪجهه مريضن ۾ واعدو ڏيکاريو آهي. ان کان علاوه، miRNA-based therapeutics ۽ adoptive Treg cell therapy بابت تحقيقات جاري آهن.
Current models of treatment for vitiligo are often nonspecific and general. Various therapy options are available for active vitiligo patients, including systemic glucocorticoids, phototherapy, and systemic immunosuppressants. While stable vitiligo patients may benefit from topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, phototherapy, as well as transplantation procedures. Recently, a better understanding of the pathophysiological processes of vitiligo led to the advent of novel targeted therapies. To date, JAK inhibitors are the only category that has been proved to have a good tolerability profile and functional outcomes in vitiligo treatment, even though the risk of activation of latent infection and systemic side effects still existed, like other immunosuppressive agents. Research is in progress to investigate the important cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, including IFN-γ, CXCL10, CXCR3, HSP70i, IL-15, IL-17/23, and TNF, the blockade of which has undergone preliminary attempts in animal models and some patients. In addition, studies on miRNA-based therapeutics as well as adoptive Treg cell therapy are still primary, and more studies are necessary.