Syphilis - Syfilis
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Chancres ― primárna syfilitická infekcia spôsobená Treponema pallidum
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ReferencesSyfilis je pohlavné prenosné ochorenie spôsobené baktériou Treponema pallidum. V tejto štúdii sa zameriavame na 57 pacientov vo veku 18‑68 rokov so sekundárnym syfilisom.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Syfilis je bakteriálna infekcia spôsobená baktériou Treponema pallidum. Dokáže napodobňovať rôzne choroby, preto si získala prezývku „great imitator“. Syfilis stále postihuje milióny ľudí po celom svete, ale dá sa účinne liečiť penicilínom.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Treponema pallidum spôsobuje syfilis prostredníctvom sexuálneho kontaktu alebo prenosu z matky na dieťa počas tehotenstva. Aj keď existujú jednoduché testy na jeho diagnostiku a liečba jednou dávkou penicilínu s dlhodobým účinkom funguje dobre, syfilis sa opäť stáva veľkým problémom po celom svete. Platí to najmä medzi mužmi, ktorí majú sex s mužmi (MSM) v krajinách s vysokým a stredným príjmom. Zatiaľ čo niektoré krajiny s nízkymi príjmami splnili ciele WHO zastaviť prenos syfilisu z matky na dieťa, medzi HIV‑pozitívnymi MSM je znepokojujúci nárast syfilisu.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
(1) Zväčšená pečeň: častý nález, často sprevádzaný zväčšenou slezinou. Biopsia pečene vyšetrená pod mikroskopom v tmavom poli môže odhaliť prítomnosť spirochety. Testy funkcie pečene môžu ukazovať odchýlky. (2) Zožltnutie kože (žltačka): výskyt žltačky závisí od miery postihnutia pečene. (3) Výtok z nosa: často patrí medzi prvé príznaky, zvyčajne počas prvého týždňa života. (4) Opuchnuté lymfatické uzliny: generalizovaný, zvyčajne bezbolestný opuch lymfatických uzlín je tiež bežný. (5) Kožná vyrážka: objavuje sa zvyčajne jeden až dva týždne po nádche. Na chrbte, zadku, stehnách a chodidlách sa môžu vyskytnúť malé červené alebo ružové škvrny. Vyrážka môže prejsť olupovaním a tvorbou kôr.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
○ Diagnostika a liečba
VDRL a RPR sa používajú na potvrdenie nedávnej infekcie a na skríning syfilisu. Test FTA‑ABS je špecifickejší a možno ho použiť na potvrdenie predchádzajúcej infekcie. Penicillin sa používa na liečbu syfilisu.