Acne - Akne
☆ V rezultatih raziskave Stiftung Warentest iz Nemčije leta 2022 je bilo zadovoljstvo potrošnikov z ModelDermom le nekoliko nižje kot s plačanimi telemedicinskimi svetovanji.
Akne na predelu trupa. Zgornji del trupa in hrbet sta pogosta področja aken.
References
Akne, najpogostejša kožna bolezen v Združenih državah, so trdovratna vnetna težava s kožo. Zdravljenje je namenjeno obravnavanju štirih glavnih dejavnikov, ki prispevajo k aknam: prekomerna proizvodnja sebuma, kopičenje kožnih celic, kolonizacija Propionibacterium acnes in posledično vnetje. Lokalni retinoidi učinkovito obvladujejo vnetne in nevnetne lezije s preprečevanjem in zmanjševanjem komedonov, hkrati pa obravnavajo vnetje. Benzoil peroksid, ki je na voljo v prosti prodaji, je baktericidno sredstvo, ne da bi spodbujal odpornost bakterij. Medtem ko lokalni in peroralni antibiotiki delujejo sami, njihova kombinacija z lokalnimi retinoidi poveča njihovo učinkovitost. Dodajanje benzoil peroksida k antibiotični terapiji zmanjša tveganje za odpornost bakterij. Peroralni izotretinoin, odobren za hude in trdovratne akne, se daje v okviru programa iPLEDGE.
Acne, the most common skin condition in the United States, is a persistent inflammatory skin problem. Treatment aims at addressing four main factors contributing to acne: excessive sebum production, skin cell buildup, Propionibacterium acnes colonization, and resulting inflammation. Topical retinoids effectively manage both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions by preventing and reducing comedones while addressing inflammation. Benzoyl peroxide, available over-the-counter, is a bactericidal agent without promoting bacterial resistance. While topical and oral antibiotics work alone, combining them with topical retinoids enhances their effectiveness. Adding benzoyl peroxide to antibiotic therapy lowers the risk of bacterial resistance. Oral isotretinoin, approved for severe and stubborn acne, is administered through the iPLEDGE program.
Acne, the most common skin condition in the United States, is a persistent inflammatory skin problem. Treatment aims at addressing four main factors contributing to acne: excessive sebum production, skin cell buildup, Propionibacterium acnes colonization, and resulting inflammation. Topical retinoids effectively manage both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions by preventing and reducing comedones while addressing inflammation. Benzoyl peroxide, available over-the-counter, is a bactericidal agent without promoting bacterial resistance. While topical and oral antibiotics work alone, combining them with topical retinoids enhances their effectiveness. Adding benzoyl peroxide to antibiotic therapy lowers the risk of bacterial resistance. Oral isotretinoin, approved for severe and stubborn acne, is administered through the iPLEDGE program.
Običajna lokalna zdravljenja aken vključujejo benzoyl peroxide (BP) , salicylic acid, antibiotics, combinations of antibiotics with BP, retinoids, combinations of retinoids with BP or antibiotics, azelaic acid, and sulfone agents. Peroralni antibiotiki so že dolgo ključni del zdravljenja aken, zlasti pri zmernih do hudih primerih. Najbolje delujejo, če se uporabljajo skupaj z lokalnim retinoidom in BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) , trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, and cephalexin so vse pokazale dokaze o učinkovitosti.
Common topical treatments for acne include benzoyl peroxide (BP), salicylic acid, antibiotics, combinations of antibiotics with BP, retinoids, combinations of retinoids with BP or antibiotics, azelaic acid, sulfone agents. Oral antibiotics have long been a key part of acne treatment, especially for moderate to severe cases. They work best when used alongside a topical retinoid and BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, cephalexin have all shown evidence of effectiveness.
Common topical treatments for acne include benzoyl peroxide (BP), salicylic acid, antibiotics, combinations of antibiotics with BP, retinoids, combinations of retinoids with BP or antibiotics, azelaic acid, sulfone agents. Oral antibiotics have long been a key part of acne treatment, especially for moderate to severe cases. They work best when used alongside a topical retinoid and BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, cephalexin have all shown evidence of effectiveness.
Lokalni retinoidi so vedno priporočljivi za zdravljenje aken. Pri uporabi sistemskih ali lokalnih antibiotikov je pomembno, da jih kombinirate z benzoil peroksidom in retinoidi, vendar le do 12 tednov. Isotretinoin je rezerviran za hude primere aken, ki se niso odzvale na druga zdravljenja. Čeprav obstaja nekaj dokazov za fizične tretmaje, kot so laserska terapija in kemični pilingi, pa tudi dopolnilne pristope, kot so prečiščeni čebelji strup in nekatere diete, je njihova učinkovitost še vedno negotova.
Topical retinoids are always recommended for treating acne. When using systemic or topical antibiotics, it's important to combine them with benzoyl peroxide and retinoids, but only for up to 12 weeks. Isotretinoin is reserved for severe cases of acne that haven't responded to other treatments. While there's some evidence for physical treatments like laser therapy and chemical peels, as well as complementary approaches such as purified bee venom and certain diets, their effectiveness is still uncertain.
Topical retinoids are always recommended for treating acne. When using systemic or topical antibiotics, it's important to combine them with benzoyl peroxide and retinoids, but only for up to 12 weeks. Isotretinoin is reserved for severe cases of acne that haven't responded to other treatments. While there's some evidence for physical treatments like laser therapy and chemical peels, as well as complementary approaches such as purified bee venom and certain diets, their effectiveness is still uncertain.
Več študij je preučevalo, kako različna živila vplivajo na akne pri bolnikih. Ugotovili so, da imajo ljudje z aknami, ki uživajo hrano z nizko glikemično obremenitvijo, manj aken v primerjavi s tistimi, ki uživajo hrano z visoko glikemično obremenitvijo. Mleko so preučevali tudi v povezavi z aknami. Zdi se, da nekatere beljakovine v mleku lahko bolj prispevajo k aknam kot maščobe ali celotna vsebnost mleka. Druge raziskave so se osredotočile na omega-3 maščobne kisline in γ-linolno kislino. Nakazuje, da bi lahko ljudem z aknami koristilo uživanje več rib in zdravih olj, da bi povečali vnos teh maščobnih kislin. Nedavne študije o probiotikih za akne kažejo obetavne rezultate, vendar je potrebnih več raziskav za potrditev teh zgodnjih ugotovitev.
Several studies have evaluated the significance of the glycemic index of various foods and glycemic load in patients with acne, demonstrating individuals with acne who consume diets with a low glycemic load have reduced acne lesions compared with individuals on high glycemic load diets. Dairy has also been a focus of study regarding dietary influences on acne; whey proteins responsible for the insulinotropic effects of milk may contribute more to acne development than the actual fat or dairy content. Other studies have examined the effects of omega-3 fatty acid and γ-linoleic acid consumption in individuals with acne, showing individuals with acne benefit from diets consisting of fish and healthy oils, thereby increasing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake. Recent research into the effects of probiotic administration in individuals with acne present promising results; further study of the effects of probiotics on acne is needed to support the findings of these early studies.
Several studies have evaluated the significance of the glycemic index of various foods and glycemic load in patients with acne, demonstrating individuals with acne who consume diets with a low glycemic load have reduced acne lesions compared with individuals on high glycemic load diets. Dairy has also been a focus of study regarding dietary influences on acne; whey proteins responsible for the insulinotropic effects of milk may contribute more to acne development than the actual fat or dairy content. Other studies have examined the effects of omega-3 fatty acid and γ-linoleic acid consumption in individuals with acne, showing individuals with acne benefit from diets consisting of fish and healthy oils, thereby increasing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake. Recent research into the effects of probiotic administration in individuals with acne present promising results; further study of the effects of probiotics on acne is needed to support the findings of these early studies.
Zdi se, da so pri obeh spolih hormoni, imenovani androgeni, del osnovnega mehanizma, saj povzročajo povečano proizvodnjo sebuma. Drug pogost dejavnik je prekomerna rast bakterije Cutibacterium acnes, ki je prisotna na koži.
Običajno se uporabljajo zdravila, ki se nanašajo neposredno na prizadeto kožo, kot so azelaična kislina, benzoil peroksid in salicilna kislina. Antibiotiki in retinoidi so na voljo v formulacijah, ki se nanesejo na kožo in jemljejo peroralno za zdravljenje aken. Vendar pa se lahko kot posledica antibiotične terapije razvije odpornost na antibiotike. Več vrst kontracepcijskih tablet lahko pomaga preprečiti akne pri ženskah. Zgodnje in agresivno zdravljenje aken z uporabo izotretinoina je lahko koristno za zmanjšanje dolgoročnih zapletov pri posameznikih.
○ zdravljenje
Adapalen gel je široko uporaben, saj zavira izločanje sebuma in deluje tako, da zavira ponovni nastanek aken. Adapalen gel lahko draži kožo, če ga nanesete preveč. Benzoil peroksid in azelainska kislina pa se lahko uporabljata na vnetih mestih aken, ker pomagata pri vnetju. Na splošno je za opazen učinek potrebno dolgotrajno zdravljenje, ki traja 1 mesec ali več.
#Benzoyl peroxide [OXY-10]
#Adapalene gel [Differin]
#Tretinoin cream
#Minocycline
#Isotretinoin
#Topical clindamycin
#Comedone extraction