Panniculitis - Panikulitis
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References
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
Panniculitis tvorijo heterogeno skupino vnetnih bolezni, ki zajamejo podkožno maščobno tkivo. Te motnje so pri otrocih redke. Panikulitis je lahko primarni proces pri sistemski motnji ali sekundarni proces, ki je posledica okužbe, travme ali izpostavljenosti zdravilom. Večina vrst panikulitisa ima enako klinično sliko (ne glede na etiologijo) z občutljivimi, eritematoznimi podkožnimi noduli.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitis , vnetje podkožnega maščevja, ki se običajno kaže z vnetnimi vozliči. Erythema nodosum (EN) je klinično najpogostejša oblika panikulitisa. Medtem ko se do 55 % EN šteje za idiopatsko, so najpogostejši vzroki okužbe, zdravila, sistemske bolezni, kot so sarkoidoza in vnetna črevesna bolezen, nosečnost in maligna obolenja. EN se običajno pojavi pri najstniških letih in 20-ih letih, pogosteje pa se pojavlja pri ženskah. Pred njo pogosto sledi nespecifičen prodrom, ki traja od enega do treh tednov, kar lahko vključuje vročino, slabo počutje in simptome okužbe zgornjih dihalnih poti. Nato sledijo kožne lezije, običajno lokalizirane na ekstenzorski strani udov. Lezije so boleči okrogli ali ovalni, rahlo dvignjeni, neulcerativni rdeči vozlički. Natančna patogeneza EN ni pojasnjena, čeprav se domneva, da je posledica odlaganja imunskih kompleksov v venulah septa v podkožnem maščevju, kar povzroča nevtrofilni panikulitis. Tudi brez posebne terapije za vzročno stanje EN v večini primerov izzveni brez zdravljenja.
Panniculitis, inflammation of the subcutaneous fat, usually presents with inflammatory nodules. Erythema nodosum (EN) is clinically the most frequent form of panniculitis. Whilst up to 55% of EN is considered idiopathic, the most common causes include infections, drugs, systemic illnesses such as sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and malignancy. EN typically presents in the teens and 20s, and is seen more commonly in females. It is often preceded by a non-specific prodrome of one to three weeks, which may include fever, malaise, and symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. Cutaneous lesions then follow, typically localized on the extensor aspect of the limbs. The lesions are painful rounded or oval, slightly raised, non-ulcerative red nodules. The exact pathogenesis of EN is not understood, although is thought to result from deposition of immune complexes in the venules of the septae in subcutaneous fat, causing a neutrophilic panniculitis. Even without specific therapy for a causative condition, EN resolves without treatment in most cases.
Panniculitis, inflammation of the subcutaneous fat, usually presents with inflammatory nodules. Erythema nodosum (EN) is clinically the most frequent form of panniculitis. Whilst up to 55% of EN is considered idiopathic, the most common causes include infections, drugs, systemic illnesses such as sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and malignancy. EN typically presents in the teens and 20s, and is seen more commonly in females. It is often preceded by a non-specific prodrome of one to three weeks, which may include fever, malaise, and symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. Cutaneous lesions then follow, typically localized on the extensor aspect of the limbs. The lesions are painful rounded or oval, slightly raised, non-ulcerative red nodules. The exact pathogenesis of EN is not understood, although is thought to result from deposition of immune complexes in the venules of the septae in subcutaneous fat, causing a neutrophilic panniculitis. Even without specific therapy for a causative condition, EN resolves without treatment in most cases.
"Nodozni eritem" je oblika panikulitis (panniculitis) , za katero so značilni nežni rdeči vozli, veliki 1–10 cm, povezani s sistemskimi simptomi, vključno z zvišano telesno temperaturo, slabim počutjem in bolečinami v sklepih. Noduli lahko izginejo v obdobju 2–6 tednov brez razjed ali brazgotin. Nodozni eritem je povezan z okužbami, vključno s hepatitisom C, EBV in tuberkulozo, nosečnostjo, ne-Hodgkinovim limfomom in rakom trebušne slinavke.