Fa'amatalaga atili ― Samoan

Erythema multiforme (EM) ose tulaga lea e aliali mai ai ni mea fa'apitoa e pei o le sini i luga o le pa'u ma le mucous membrane ona o ni fa'alavelave fa'aletonu. E ui lava e masani ona faʻaosoina i faʻamaʻi pipisi, aemaise o le herpes simplex virus (HSV) , poʻo nisi vailaʻau, e le o iloa le mafuaʻaga i le tele o tulaga. O le togafitia o le EM mataʻutia e taulaʻi i le faʻamamaina o faʻamaoniga e faʻaaoga ai kulimi o loʻo iai vailaʻau faʻamaʻi poʻo antihistamines. O le puleaina o le EM faifaipea e sili ona aoga pe a faʻafetaui i maʻi taʻitasi. O auala muamua e aofia uma ai togafitiga tu'ugutu ma luga ole toto. O nei mea e aofia ai corticosteroids ma vailaʻau antiviral. O togafitiga fa'apitoa e aofia ai kulimi malosi steroid ma fofo mo mucous membrane ua afaina. Mo gasegase e le tali atu i antivirals, o le laina lona lua e aofia ai vailaʻau e puipuia ai le puipuia, antibiotic, anthelmintics, ma antimalarials.
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials

I le tele o taimi, e alu ese lava le erythema multiforme i totonu ole 2 i le 4 vaiaso. Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ose tulaga ogaoga e a'afia ai mucous membrane, e mafai ona o'o i le 6 vaiaso. Steroids e le masani ona fautuaina mo tulaga vaivai. Pe tatau ona fa'aoga steroids mo le ogaoga o le erythema multiforme e le o mautinoa talu ai e leai ni su'esu'ega manino mai su'esu'ega fa'afuase'i e fa'ailoa mai ai po'o fea tamaiti o le a manuia mai lenei togafitiga.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.

Matou te tu'uina atu se tulaga o le gutu erythema multiforme (EM) mafua mai i le TMP/SMX , o lo'o fa'aalia ai le ma'i o le gutu ma le laugutu masani e aunoa ma ni manu'a o le pa'u. O lo'o fa'amamafaina ai le mana'omia ona fa'a'ese'ese mai isi fa'ama'i ulcerative o le gutu. O le tagata maʻi na maua togafitiga faʻapitoa ma prednisolone tablets, e taʻitaʻia ai le faʻaleleia pe a uma ona taofi TMP / SMX togafitiga.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.

Erythema multiforme o se tali e a'afia ai le pa'u ma o nisi taimi o le mucosa, e fa'aosoina e le puipuiga. E masani lava, e fa'aalia o ni manu'a e pei o le taula'iga, e foliga mai e tu'ufua, toe tupu, pe fa'aauau pea. O nei manu'a e masani ona a'afia fa'atasi pito, aemaise o latou pito i fafo. O mafuaʻaga autu e aofia ai faʻamaʻi pipisi e pei o le herpes simplex virus ma Mycoplasma pneumoniae, faʻapea foʻi ma nisi vailaʻau, tui puipui, ma faʻamaʻi autoimmune. O le fa'avasegaina o le erythema multiforme mai le urticaria e fa'alagolago i le umi o fa'ama'i; erythema multiforme o manu'a o lo'o tumau pea mo le itiiti ifo i le fitu aso, a'o fa'ama'i urticaria e masani ona mou atu i totonu o le aso. E ui lava e tutusa, e taua tele le fa'aeseesega o le erythema multiforme mai le ma'i sili atu ona ogaoga o Stevens-Johnson, lea e masani ona fa'aalia ai macules erythematous po'o le purpuric ma mafo. O le fa'afoeina o le erythema multiforme e aofia ai fa'amamafa fa'ailoilo fa'atasi ma vaila'au fa'ama'i po'o antihistamines ma fa'atalanoaina le mafua'aga autu. Mo mataupu faifaipea e fesoʻotaʻi ma le herpes simplex virus, e fautuaina le togafitiga o le antiviral prophylactic. O le ogaoga o le a'afia o le mucosal atonu e mana'omia ai le falema'i mo vai fa'a'a'ai ma le sui o le electrolyte.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.