Mamwe mashoko ― Shona

Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.

Panniculitis gadzira boka rehterogenous rezvirwere zvinoputika zvinosanganisira subcutaneous adipose tissue. Zvirwere izvi hazviwanzoitiki muvana. Iyo panniculitis inogona kunge iri yekutanga muitiro mune systemic kusagadzikana kana yechipiri maitiro anokonzerwa nehutachiona, kukuvadzwa kana kusangana nemishonga. Mazhinji marudzi epanniculitis ane mharidzo yekiriniki yakafanana (zvisinei neaetiology) , ine nyoro, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.

Panniculitis , kuzvimba kwe subcutaneous mafuta, kazhinji kunopa nemanodule ekuzvimba. Erythema nodosum (EN) ikiriniki ndiyo inowanzoitika yepanniculitis. Nepo kusvika 55% yeEN ichinzi idiopathic, zvinonyanya kukonzera zvinosanganisira kutapukira, zvinodhaka, systemic zvirwere zvakadai sarcoidosis uye kuzvimba bowel chirwere, pamuviri, uye kurwara. EN inowanzo ratidza kune vechidiki ne20s, uye inoonekwa zvakanyanya muvakadzi. Inowanzotangirwa neiyo isiri-yakananga prodrome yevhiki imwe kusvika kumatatu, iyo inogona kusanganisira fivha, malaise, uye zviratidzo zvehutachiona hwepamusoro hwekufema. Maronda akachekwa anobva atevera, anowanzo kugariswa pane extensor chikamu chemakumbo. Zvironda zvinorwadza zvakatenderedzwa kana kuti oval, zvakasimudzwa zvishoma, kwete-ulcerative red nodules. Iyo chaiyo pathogenesis ye EN haina kunzwisiswa, kunyangwe inofungidzirwa kuti inokonzerwa nekuiswa kwe immune complexes muzvikamu zve septae mu subcutaneous mafuta, zvichikonzera neutrophilic panniculitis. Kunyangwe pasina kurapwa kwakananga kwechirwere chinokonzera, EN inogadzirisa pasina kurapwa kazhinji.
Panniculitis, inflammation of the subcutaneous fat, usually presents with inflammatory nodules. Erythema nodosum (EN) is clinically the most frequent form of panniculitis. Whilst up to 55% of EN is considered idiopathic, the most common causes include infections, drugs, systemic illnesses such as sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and malignancy. EN typically presents in the teens and 20s, and is seen more commonly in females. It is often preceded by a non-specific prodrome of one to three weeks, which may include fever, malaise, and symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. Cutaneous lesions then follow, typically localized on the extensor aspect of the limbs. The lesions are painful rounded or oval, slightly raised, non-ulcerative red nodules. The exact pathogenesis of EN is not understood, although is thought to result from deposition of immune complexes in the venules of the septae in subcutaneous fat, causing a neutrophilic panniculitis. Even without specific therapy for a causative condition, EN resolves without treatment in most cases.