ABNOMhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hori's_nevus
ABNOM ke boemo ba letlalo bo khetholloang ke li-macules tse sootho ho isa ho sootho-putsoa, ​​haholo-holo sebakeng sa malar sefahlehong. E ka boela ea hlaha ka nako e le 'ngoe le mafu a mang a letlalo a mebala-bala a kang melasma, freckles, lentigine tse ngata le Ota's nevus. Ke phetoho e fokolang feela e bonoang libakeng tsena tse lefifi, athe melasma e ntse e fifala le ho feta ha tlhahiso e tsoelang pele ea ho hlahisa mebala le ho fokotseha.

Kalafo
Hangata li-whitening agents li thusa. Ho fapana le melasma, ABNOM e ka ntlafatsoa ka phekolo ea laser 'me ea tloheloa hore e tlosoe ntle le ho pheta-pheta. Kalafo ea laser e ka etsoa 10 ho linako tse 20 ho phekola ABNOM.
#QS1064 laser
☆ Liphethong tsa 2022 Stiftung Warentest tse tsoang Jeremane, khotsofalo ea bareki ka ModelDerm e ne e le tlase hanyane ho feta lipuisano tse lefelloang tsa telemedicine.
      References High-fluence 1064nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser treatment for ectopic Mongolian spot 37781886
      Laser ea Q-switched Nd:YAG e tsejoa ka ho phekola nevus ea Ota le maemo a tšoanang hantle. Re entse boithuto ho bona hore na laser ea high-fluence 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG e sebetsa hantle hakae libakeng tsa Mongolia libakeng tse sa tloaelehang, ntle le ho etsa hore letlalo le be bobebe. Re ile ra ithuta bakuli ba 61 ba nang le matheba ana, ra hlahloba liso tse 70 kaofela. Halofo ea liso e ile ea phekoloa ka laser, ha tse ling li ile tsa sala li sa phekoloe bakeng sa ho bapisoa. Re ile ra lekola liphetho ka sekala le sesebelisoa se bitsoang Mexameter® ho metha maemo a melanin. Bakuli ba ile ba lateloa ka karolelano ea likhoeli tsa 14 sehlopheng sa phekolo le likhoeli tsa 18 sehlopheng sa ho shebella. Qetellong ea thuto, re ile ra fumana phapang e kholo ea litekanyetso tsa tekanyo le litekanyetso tsa melanin pakeng tsa lihlopha tse tšoaroang le tse sa phekoloang, le sehlopha sa laser se bontšang liphello tse molemo. Laser ea high-fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG , ntle le ho etsa hore letlalo le benye, e ipakile e sebetsa ebile e bolokehile bakeng sa ho alafa matheba ana a sa tloaelehang a Mongolia.
      The Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is known to effectively treat nevus of Ota and similar conditions. We conducted a study to see how well a high-fluence 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser worked on Mongolian spots in unusual areas, without causing the skin to lighten. We studied 61 patients with these spots, examining a total of 70 lesions. Half of lesions were treated with the laser, while others were left untreated for comparison. We evaluated the results using a scale and a device called a Mexameter® to measure melanin levels. Patients were followed up for an average of 14 months in the treatment group and 18 months in the observation group. At the end of the study, we found significant differences in the scale scores and melanin levels between the treated and untreated groups, with the laser-treated group showing better outcomes. The high-fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG laser, without causing skin lightening, proved effective and safe for treating these unusual Mongolian spots.
       A retrospective study of 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser therapy for acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules 36973977 
      NIH
      Re ithutile ka katleho le polokeho ea ho sebelisa kalafo e khethehileng ea laser bakeng sa ABNOM , mme ra sheba hore na ke lintlha life tse ka amang hore na e sebetsa hantle hakae. Re ile ra sheba bakuli ba 110 ba nang le ABNOM mme ba fumana kalafo ea laser lipakeng tsa tse peli le tse robong. Re fumane hore phekolo e sebetsa hamolemo ha e ntse e etsoa, ​​empa eseng hantle ho bakuli ba hōlileng. E boetse e sebetsa hantle ho bakuli ba letlalo le khanyang (mofuta oa III) le libaka tse nyenyane tse amehileng (ka tlase ho 10 cm2) . Ho ba le melasma hammoho le ABNOM ho entse hore kalafo e se sebetse hantle. 'Mala kapa palo ea libaka tse amehileng e ne e bonahala e sa etse phapang. Hoo e ka bang 10% ea bakuli ba ile ba ba le matheba a lefifi ka mor'a phekolo. Kalafo ea pele e mengata e ile ea fana ka liphello tse ntle. Bakuli ba seng ba hōlile ba nang le letlalo le lefifi le matheba a lefifi ba atisa ho ba le matheba a lefifi ka mor'a phekolo. Bakeng sa bakuli ba nang le ABNOM le melasma, ho molemo ho sebelisa laser e fokolang matla ho qoba ho mpefatsa melasma.
      To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (QSNYL) therapy for ABNOM and to identify the factors influencing the outcome. A total of 110 patients with ABNOM were retrospectively evaluated and received two-to-nine treatment sessions. The curative effect was positively correlated with the treatment time and negatively correlated with the increasing age at first treatment (p < 0.05). The curative effect was better in patients with skin type III than those with type IV ( p < 0.05) and in patients with a lesion area of less than 10 cm2 than those with a larger affected area (p < 0.05). Additionally, the treatment effect was poorer in patients with concomitant melasma (p < 0.05). The treatment effect was not significantly correlated with the lesion color or number of affected sites (p > 0.05). Eleven patients (10%) developed postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Early and repeated QSNYL therapy achieved satisfactory results for ABNOM. The risk of PIH after laser treatment is highest among patients with older age, darker lesion color, and darker skin color. For patients with ABNOM with concurrent melasma, low-energy laser therapy is recommended to reduce the risk of melasma aggravation.