Herpes simplex
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Herpes simplex på läppen.
Herpes simplex ― Herpes simplex-infektion i fingrar är vanligare hos små barn än hos vuxna.
References
HSV-1-infektion fortskrider genom primär infektion av epitelceller, följt av latens, främst i neuroner, och reaktivering. HSV-1 orsakar vanligtvis initiala och återkommande vesikulära utbrott, främst på munnen och könsorgansslemhinnan. Dess manifestationer sträcker sig från orolabial herpes till olika tillstånd som herpetisk follikulit, hudinfektioner, okulär inblandning och svåra fall som herpesencefalit. Antiviral terapi hjälper till att hantera HSV-infektion.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a member of the Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. Its structure is composed of linear dsDNA, an icosahedral capsid that is 100 to 110 nm in diameter, with a spikey envelope. In general, the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection follows a cycle of primary infection of epithelial cells, latency primarily in neurons, and reactivation. HSV-1 is responsible for establishing primary and recurrent vesicular eruptions, primarily in the orolabial and genital mucosa. HSV-1 infection has a wide variety of presentations, including orolabial herpes, herpetic sycosis (HSV folliculitis), herpes gladiatorum, herpetic whitlow, ocular HSV infection, herpes encephalitis, Kaposi varicelliform eruption (eczema herpeticum), and severe or chronic HSV infection. Antiviral therapy limits the course of HSV infection.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a member of the Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. Its structure is composed of linear dsDNA, an icosahedral capsid that is 100 to 110 nm in diameter, with a spikey envelope. In general, the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection follows a cycle of primary infection of epithelial cells, latency primarily in neurons, and reactivation. HSV-1 is responsible for establishing primary and recurrent vesicular eruptions, primarily in the orolabial and genital mucosa. HSV-1 infection has a wide variety of presentations, including orolabial herpes, herpetic sycosis (HSV folliculitis), herpes gladiatorum, herpetic whitlow, ocular HSV infection, herpes encephalitis, Kaposi varicelliform eruption (eczema herpeticum), and severe or chronic HSV infection. Antiviral therapy limits the course of HSV infection.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) är en utbredd infektion som drabbar cirka 22 % av vuxna i åldern 12 och uppåt, totalt 45 miljoner vuxna i USA. Medan HSV-1 vanligtvis orsakar munsår, kan det också leda till genitalskador. Men när patienter har genitalskador är HSV-2 vanligtvis det största problemet. Symtomen på HSV-2-utbrott är ofta vaga, som klåda i könsorganen och irritation, vilket kan fördröja diagnos och behandling. Denna fördröjning kan resultera i ytterligare överföring till oinfekterade individer.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) continues to be a common infection, affecting approximately 22% of adults ages 12 and older, representing 45 million adults in the United States alone. While HSV-1 often affects the perioral region and can be known to cause genital lesions, HSV-2 is more commonly the consideration when patients present with genital lesions. Despite this, most outbreaks of the infection will present with nonspecific symptoms such as genital itching, irritation, and excoriations, which may cause diagnosis and treatment to be delayed. As a result, further exposure to uninfected individuals may occur.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) continues to be a common infection, affecting approximately 22% of adults ages 12 and older, representing 45 million adults in the United States alone. While HSV-1 often affects the perioral region and can be known to cause genital lesions, HSV-2 is more commonly the consideration when patients present with genital lesions. Despite this, most outbreaks of the infection will present with nonspecific symptoms such as genital itching, irritation, and excoriations, which may cause diagnosis and treatment to be delayed. As a result, further exposure to uninfected individuals may occur.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) orsakar ofta infektioner som genital herpes och munsår hos tonåringar och vuxna. När HSV infekterar ett spädbarn inom de första 4-6 levnadsveckorna kan det resultera i allvarlig sjukdom med allvarliga konsekvenser. Att snabbt diagnostisera neonatal HSV-infektion är avgörande för att förhindra att sjukdomen förvärras och förhindra neurologiska problem (även dödsfall) .
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is a well-known cause of infections including genital herpes and herpes labialis in the adolescent and adult population. Transmission of HSV infection to an infant during the first 4-6 weeks of life can lead to devastating disease with the potential for poor outcomes. Early diagnosis is imperative when evaluating neonatal HSV infection in order to prevent further disease progression, neurological complications, and even death.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is a well-known cause of infections including genital herpes and herpes labialis in the adolescent and adult population. Transmission of HSV infection to an infant during the first 4-6 weeks of life can lead to devastating disease with the potential for poor outcomes. Early diagnosis is imperative when evaluating neonatal HSV infection in order to prevent further disease progression, neurological complications, and even death.
Herpes simplex infektion är mycket vanligt och kan överföras från gravida kvinnor till deras barn. Detta virus kan orsaka allvarliga hälsoproblem eller till och med dödsfall hos nyfödda. Även om det är sällsynt under själva graviditeten, händer det ofta under förlossningen. Risken är högst om mamman blir smittad i senare skeden av graviditeten. Denna risk kan dock minskas genom att använda antivirala läkemedel eller välja ett kejsarsnitt i vissa situationer.
Infection with herpes simplex is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in the uterus, it occurs frequently during the transmission delivery. The greatest risk of transmission to the fetus and the newborn occurs in case of an initial maternal infection contracted in the second half of pregnancy. The risk of transmission of maternal-fetal-neonatal herpes simplex can be decreased by performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or resorting to a caesarean section in some specific cases.
Infection with herpes simplex is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in the uterus, it occurs frequently during the transmission delivery. The greatest risk of transmission to the fetus and the newborn occurs in case of an initial maternal infection contracted in the second half of pregnancy. The risk of transmission of maternal-fetal-neonatal herpes simplex can be decreased by performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or resorting to a caesarean section in some specific cases.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) typ 1 och 2 infekterar många människor över hela världen. Vanligtvis förblir viruset tyst i nervcellerna efter att ha infekterat huden, men det kan återaktiveras senare och orsaka munsår. Ibland leder det till allvarliga problem som ögoninfektioner, hjärninflammation eller farliga tillstånd hos nyfödda och personer med svagt immunförsvar. Medan nuvarande läkemedel hjälper till att kontrollera infektioner är risken för läkemedelsresistens och biverkningar fortfarande ett problem. Vi behöver nya läkemedel för att bättre inrikta oss på viruset.
Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 is ubiquitous in the human population. Most commonly, virus replication is limited to the epithelia and establishes latency in enervating sensory neurons, reactivating periodically to produce localized recurrent lesions. However, these viruses can also cause severe disease such as recurrent keratitis leading potentially to blindness, as well as encephalitis, and systemic disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Although antiviral therapy has allowed continual and substantial improvement in the management of both primary and recurrent infections, resistance to currently available drugs and long-term toxicity pose a current and future threat that should be addressed through the development of new antiviral compounds directed against new targets.
Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 is ubiquitous in the human population. Most commonly, virus replication is limited to the epithelia and establishes latency in enervating sensory neurons, reactivating periodically to produce localized recurrent lesions. However, these viruses can also cause severe disease such as recurrent keratitis leading potentially to blindness, as well as encephalitis, and systemic disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Although antiviral therapy has allowed continual and substantial improvement in the management of both primary and recurrent infections, resistance to currently available drugs and long-term toxicity pose a current and future threat that should be addressed through the development of new antiviral compounds directed against new targets.
Det finns två typer av herpes simplex -virus, typ 1 (HSV-1) och typ 2 (HSV-2). HSV-1 orsakar vanligare infektioner runt munnen medan HSV-2 oftare orsakar genitalinfektioner. De överförs genom direktkontakt med den infekterade individen. Genital herpes klassificeras som en sexuellt överförbar infektion. Det kan spridas till ett spädbarn under förlossningen. Efter infektion transporteras virusen längs sensoriska nerver till nervcellskropparna, där de vistas hela livet. Orsaker till återfall kan vara: nedsatt immunförsvar, stress och exponering för solljus.
I de flesta fall tas antivirala läkemedel endast när symtomen är allvarliga. Daglig antiviral medicin kan ordineras till någon som har mycket frekvent infektion. Det finns inget tillgängligt vaccin och bältrosvaccinet förhindrar inte herpes simplex. Behandlingar med antivirala läkemedel som aciklovir eller valaciklovir kan minska symtomens svårighetsgrad.
Världsomfattande andelar av antingen HSV-1 eller HSV-2 är mellan 60 % och 95 % hos vuxna. HSV-1 infekteras vanligtvis under barndomen. Uppskattningsvis 536 miljoner människor världen över (16 % av befolkningen) infekterades med HSV-2 från och med 2003, med högre andelar bland kvinnor och de i utvecklingsländerna. De flesta med HSV-2 inser inte att de är infekterade.
○ Behandling ― OTC-läkemedel
Undvik all fysisk kontakt, som att kyssa ett barn, medan blåsorna är närvarande, eftersom kontakt kan sprida infektionen till andra människor. Du bör vila utan att dricka alkohol.
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