ABNOMhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hori's_nevus
ABNOM ni hali ya ngozi inayoonyeshwa na makuli mengi ya kahawia-kijivu hadi hudhurungi-bluu, haswa katika eneo la malar ya uso. Inaweza pia kutokea wakati huo huo na magonjwa mengine ya ngozi ya rangi nyekundu kama vile melasma, freckles, lentijini nyingi na nevus ya Ota. Ni mabadiliko madogo tu yanayozingatiwa katika madoa haya meusi, ambapo melasma imekuwa nyeusi na nyepesi kadri utolewaji wa rangi unavyoendelea na kupungua.

○ Matibabu
Wakala wa weupe husaidia mara chache. Tofauti na melasma, ABNOM inaweza kuboreshwa kwa matibabu ya laser na kushoto ili kuondolewa bila kujirudia. Tiba ya laser inaweza kufanywa mara 10 hadi 20 ili kutibu ABNOM.
#QS1064 laser
☆ Katika matokeo ya 2022 ya Stiftung Warentest kutoka Ujerumani, kuridhika kwa watumiaji na ModelDerm kulikuwa chini kidogo kuliko na mashauriano ya matibabu ya simu yanayolipishwa.
      References High-fluence 1064nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser treatment for ectopic Mongolian spot 37781886
      Laser Q-switched Nd:YAG inajulikana kutibu vyema nevus ya Ota na hali kama hizo. Tulifanya utafiti ili kuona jinsi leza high-fluence 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG ilivyofanya kazi vizuri kwenye madoa ya Kimongolia katika maeneo yasiyo ya kawaida, bila kusababisha ngozi kuwa nyepesi. Tulisoma wagonjwa 61 walio na matangazo haya, tukachunguza jumla ya vidonda 70. Nusu ya vidonda vilitibiwa na laser, wakati wengine waliachwa bila kutibiwa kwa kulinganisha. Tulitathmini matokeo kwa kutumia mizani na kifaa kiitwacho Mexameter® ili kupima viwango vya melanini. Wagonjwa walifuatiwa kwa wastani wa miezi 14 katika kikundi cha matibabu na miezi 18 katika kikundi cha uchunguzi. Mwishoni mwa utafiti, tulipata tofauti kubwa katika alama za mizani na viwango vya melanini kati ya vikundi vilivyotibiwa na ambavyo havijatibiwa, huku kundi lililotibiwa laser likionyesha matokeo bora. Laser high-fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG , bila kusababisha ngozi kung'aa, ilionyesha ufanisi na salama kutibu madoa haya ya Kimongolia yasiyo ya kawaida.
      The Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is known to effectively treat nevus of Ota and similar conditions. We conducted a study to see how well a high-fluence 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser worked on Mongolian spots in unusual areas, without causing the skin to lighten. We studied 61 patients with these spots, examining a total of 70 lesions. Half of lesions were treated with the laser, while others were left untreated for comparison. We evaluated the results using a scale and a device called a Mexameter® to measure melanin levels. Patients were followed up for an average of 14 months in the treatment group and 18 months in the observation group. At the end of the study, we found significant differences in the scale scores and melanin levels between the treated and untreated groups, with the laser-treated group showing better outcomes. The high-fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG laser, without causing skin lightening, proved effective and safe for treating these unusual Mongolian spots.
       A retrospective study of 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser therapy for acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules 36973977 
      NIH
      Tulisoma ufanisi na usalama wa kutumia matibabu mahususi ya leza kwa ABNOM , na tukaangalia ni mambo gani yanaweza kuathiri jinsi inavyofanya kazi vizuri. Tuliangalia wagonjwa 110 ambao walikuwa na ABNOM na walipata matibabu kati ya mbili na tisa za laser. Tuligundua kuwa matibabu yalifanya kazi vizuri zaidi kadiri ilivyofanywa, lakini sivyo ilivyo kwa wagonjwa wakubwa. Pia ilifanya kazi vizuri zaidi kwa wagonjwa wenye ngozi nyepesi (aina ya III) na maeneo madogo yaliyoathirika (chini ya 10 cm2) . Kuwa na melasma pamoja na ABNOM kulifanya matibabu kuwa ya chini sana. Rangi au idadi ya maeneo yaliyoathiriwa haikuonekana kuleta mabadiliko. Takriban 10% ya wagonjwa walipata matangazo meusi baada ya matibabu. Tiba nyingi za mapema zilitoa matokeo mazuri. Wagonjwa wazee walio na ngozi nyeusi na madoa meusi wana uwezekano mkubwa wa kupata madoa meusi baada ya matibabu. Kwa wagonjwa walio na ABNOM na melasma, ni bora kutumia leza isiyo na nishati kidogo ili kuzuia kufanya melasma kuwa mbaya zaidi.
      To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (QSNYL) therapy for ABNOM and to identify the factors influencing the outcome. A total of 110 patients with ABNOM were retrospectively evaluated and received two-to-nine treatment sessions. The curative effect was positively correlated with the treatment time and negatively correlated with the increasing age at first treatment (p < 0.05). The curative effect was better in patients with skin type III than those with type IV ( p < 0.05) and in patients with a lesion area of less than 10 cm2 than those with a larger affected area (p < 0.05). Additionally, the treatment effect was poorer in patients with concomitant melasma (p < 0.05). The treatment effect was not significantly correlated with the lesion color or number of affected sites (p > 0.05). Eleven patients (10%) developed postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Early and repeated QSNYL therapy achieved satisfactory results for ABNOM. The risk of PIH after laser treatment is highest among patients with older age, darker lesion color, and darker skin color. For patients with ABNOM with concurrent melasma, low-energy laser therapy is recommended to reduce the risk of melasma aggravation.