Taarifa zaidi ― Kiswahili

Corns hukua kutokana na kusugua mara kwa mara au shinikizo. Corn ni eneo maalum la ngozi iliyonenepa, huku callus ikiwa imeenea zaidi. Corns mara nyingi hutokea kwa wanariadha au watu wenye matatizo ya miguu kama vile msuguano usio sawa wa viatu. Pia ni kawaida kwa wazee, wagonjwa wa kisukari, na waliokatwa viungo. Corns inapaswa kuonekana kama dalili badala ya hali ya pekee.
A corn, also known as a calvus, heloma, or focal intractable plantar hyperkeratosis, is a type of callosity. Corns are uncomfortable, thickened skin lesions that result from repeated mechanical trauma due to friction or pressure forces. In the literature, confusing terminology is often used to call different types of hyperkeratotic skin lesions. Nevertheless, a corn should be distinguished from a callus, which is a more diffuse type of callosity. Thus, a corn is a well-delimited focal area of hyperkeratosis. This condition is often seen in athletes and patients exposed to unequal friction force from footwear or gait problems, including the elderly, patients with diabetes, and amputees. It should be regarded as a symptom rather than an effective disease.

Corn , pia inajulikana kama clavus, ni ugonjwa wa kawaida wa mguu unaoonekana katika kliniki. Ni eneo mnene la ngozi linalosababishwa na msuguano au shinikizo, mara nyingi huumiza. Ni muhimu kutofautisha kutoka kwa calluses au warts. Calluses ni sawa lakini hawana msingi wa kati na hawana maumivu kidogo. Matibabu inalenga kupunguza dalili na kuzuia mahindi ya baadaye. Kutibu hali hii chungu inaweza kuboresha sana maisha ya wagonjwa, haswa kwa wazee au watu walio hai.
A clavus or clavi (plural) is a frequently encountered condition in the out-patient clinic, known colloquially as a corn. It is one of the many hyperkeratotic lesions of the foot and therefore requires differentiation from other etiologies such as calluses or plantar warts. A clavus is a well-demarcated thickened area of the epidermis that has a central core. This skin lesion is most commonly found on the foot and is often painful. A clavus results from repeated friction, pressure, or trauma to a specific area of the foot. A callus is another hyperkeratotic skin lesion that is similar to a clavus. It is an area of thickened epidermis with less defined borders and is also the result of repeated mechanical stress. Additionally, calluses lack the painful central core seen with clavi. Calluses most commonly present on the hands and feet. The older and the physically active are most commonly affected by clavi. Treatment focuses on symptomatic relief and lifestyle modification to prevent future clavus formation. By treating this painful and sometimes life-altering skin lesion, physicians can have a profound impact on their patients’ lives.