Melanonychia is a black or brown pigmentation of the normal nail plate, and may be present as a normal finding on many digits in Afro-Caribbeans, as a result of trauma, systemic disease, or medications, or as a postinflammatory event from such localized events as lichen planus or fixed drug eruption.
☆ Katika matokeo ya 2022 ya Stiftung Warentest kutoka Ujerumani, kuridhika kwa watumiaji na ModelDerm kulikuwa chini kidogo kuliko na mashauriano ya matibabu ya simu yanayolipishwa.
Mistari mingi isiyo ya kawaida huzingatiwa. Melanonychia kwa kiasi kikubwa ni mbaya, lakini ikiwa kuna mistari mingi isiyo ya kawaida katika kiwango hiki, biopsy inaweza kuzingatiwa.
Wagonjwa wengi hupata melanonychia, ambayo inawashawishi, kwani husababisha kubadilika kwa rangi ya hudhurungi nyeusi ya sahani ya msumari. Ni sababu ya mara kwa mara ya kubadilika kwa rangi ya kucha, ikiwa na sababu zinazotokana na hali zisizo na madhara hadi hatari, kama vile melanoma. Melanonychia ya aina ya bendi ya longitudinal inaweza kusababishwa na sababu mbalimbali, iwe za ndani au za kimfumo. Melanonychia is a very worrisome entity for most patients. It is characterized by brownish black discoloration of nail plate and is a common cause of nail plate pigmentation. The aetiology of melanonychia ranges from more common benign causes to less common invasive and in situ melanomas. Melanonychia especially in a longitudinal band form can be due to both local and systemic causes.
Melanonychia represents a brown to black discoloration of the nail plate that may be induced by benign or malignant causes. Two main mechanisms are involved in the appearance of melanonychias, i.e., melanocytic activation and melanocytic hyperplasia.
Mkanda mpana wenye rangi nyingi, mistari isiyo ya kawaida, na upanuzi wa rangi kwenye tishu za periungual ni ishara ya melanoma.