Taarifa zaidi ― Kiswahili

Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.

Panniculitis huunda kundi tofauti la magonjwa ya uchochezi ambayo huhusisha tishu za adipose chini ya ngozi. Matatizo haya ni nadra kwa watoto. Panniculitis inaweza kuwa mchakato wa msingi katika ugonjwa wa utaratibu au mchakato wa pili unaotokana na maambukizi, majeraha au yatokanayo na dawa. Aina nyingi za panniculitis zina uwasilishaji sawa wa kliniki (bila kujali etiolojia) , na vinundu laini, vya erythematous subcutaneous.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.

Panniculitis , kuvimba kwa mafuta ya chini ya ngozi, kwa kawaida huwasilisha vinundu vya uchochezi. Erythema nodosum (EN) kitabibu ndio aina ya mara kwa mara ya panniculitis. Ingawa hadi 55% ya EN inachukuliwa kuwa idiopathic, sababu za kawaida ni pamoja na maambukizi, madawa ya kulevya, magonjwa ya utaratibu kama vile sarcoidosis na ugonjwa wa matumbo ya uchochezi, mimba, na ugonjwa mbaya. EN kawaida huwasilishwa katika vijana na miaka ya 20, na inaonekana zaidi kwa wanawake. Mara nyingi hutanguliwa na prodrome isiyo maalum ya wiki moja hadi tatu, ambayo inaweza kujumuisha homa, malaise, na dalili za maambukizi ya njia ya juu ya kupumua. Vidonda vya ngozi hufuata, kwa kawaida huwekwa kwenye sehemu ya kunyoosha ya viungo. Vidonda ni chungu mviringo au mviringo, huinuliwa kidogo, nodules nyekundu zisizo na vidonda. Pathogenesis kamili ya EN haieleweki, ingawa inadhaniwa kuwa ni matokeo ya utuaji wa chembe za kinga katika venali za septae kwenye mafuta ya chini ya ngozi, na kusababisha panniculitis ya neutrophilic. Hata bila matibabu mahususi kwa hali inayosababisha, EN hutatua bila matibabu katika hali nyingi.
Panniculitis, inflammation of the subcutaneous fat, usually presents with inflammatory nodules. Erythema nodosum (EN) is clinically the most frequent form of panniculitis. Whilst up to 55% of EN is considered idiopathic, the most common causes include infections, drugs, systemic illnesses such as sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and malignancy. EN typically presents in the teens and 20s, and is seen more commonly in females. It is often preceded by a non-specific prodrome of one to three weeks, which may include fever, malaise, and symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. Cutaneous lesions then follow, typically localized on the extensor aspect of the limbs. The lesions are painful rounded or oval, slightly raised, non-ulcerative red nodules. The exact pathogenesis of EN is not understood, although is thought to result from deposition of immune complexes in the venules of the septae in subcutaneous fat, causing a neutrophilic panniculitis. Even without specific therapy for a causative condition, EN resolves without treatment in most cases.