Toxic epidermal necrosishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_epidermal_necrolysis
Toxic epidermal necrosis ni aina ya mmenyuko mkali wa ngozi. Dalili za mapema ni pamoja na homa na dalili zinazofanana na mafua. Siku chache baadaye, ngozi huanza kuonekana na malengelenge, kupenya, na kutengeneza maeneo yenye uchungu. Ni muhimu kutambua kwamba utando wa mucous, kama vile mdomo, pia huathiriwa. Matatizo ni pamoja na upungufu wa maji mwilini, sepsis, nimonia, na kushindwa kwa viungo vingi.

Sababu za kawaida ni dawa fulani kama vile lamotrigine, carbamazepine, allopurinol, antibiotiki za sulfonamide, na nevirapine. Sababu za hatari ni pamoja na VVU (HIV) na lupus erythematosus wa mfumo. Matibabu kwa kawaida hufanyika hospitalini, kama vile chumba cha wagonjwa walioungua au chumba cha wagonjwa mahututi.

○ Matibabu
Hii ni hali mbaya, kwa hivyo ikiwa midomo au mdomo wako umeathiriwa au ngozi yako ina malengelenge, muone daktari haraka iwezekanavyo.
Dawa zinazotumika kwa shaka zinapaswa kusitishwa (k.m. antibiotiki, dawa zisizo za steroidi za kupunguza uchochezi).

☆ Katika matokeo ya 2022 ya Stiftung Warentest kutoka Ujerumani, kuridhika kwa watumiaji na ModelDerm kulikuwa chini kidogo kuliko na mashauriano ya matibabu ya simu yanayolipishwa.
  • Tabia ya upotezaji wa ngozi ya Toxic epidermal necrosis
  • TENS ― siku ya 10
  • Necrolysis epidermalis toxica
  • Malengelenge katika hatua ya awali yanaweza kukua haraka na kuhusisha mwili mzima ndani ya siku chache.
References Stevens–Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Review of Diagnosis and Management 34577817 
NIH
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) na Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) ni hali nadra ambapo ngozi hupata nekrozi nyingi na kutokwa. Kwa upande wa matibabu, cyclosporine inafaa sana kwa SJS, wakati mchanganyiko wa immunoglobulin ya mishipa (IVIg) na corticosteroids hufanya kazi vizuri zaidi kwa kesi za SJS na TEN.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) are rare diseases that are characterized by widespread epidermal necrosis and sloughing of skin. Regarding treatment, cyclosporine is the most effective therapy for the treatment of SJS, and a combination of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and corticosteroids is most effective for SJS/TEN overlap and TEN.
 Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Review of Past and Present Therapeutic Approaches 36469487
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) ni mmenyuko mbaya wa ngozi unaosababishwa na dawa fulani na shughuli za mfumo wa kinga, na husababisha kutengana kwa tabaka la nje la ngozi (epidermis), na kuathiri zaidi ya 30 % ya uso wa mwili. TEN ina kiwango cha vifo cha zaidi ya 20 %, mara nyingi kutokana na maambukizi na matatizo ya kupumua. Kuacha dawa zinazosababisha athari, kutoa huduma ya kuunga mkono, na kutumia matibabu ya ziada inaweza kuboresha matokeo. Uchunguzi wa hivi majuzi umeonyesha kuwa dawa kama vile cyclosporine, vizuizi vya alpha tumor necrosis factor (alpha ya tumor necrosis factor), na mchanganyiko wa immunoglobulin (globulini ya kinga ya mishipa) na corticosteroid (kotikosteroidi) zinaweza kusaidia, kulingana na majaribio yaliyodhibitiwa bila mpangilio na uchanganuzi wa tafiti nyingi.
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a serious skin reaction caused by certain medications and immune system activity, resulting in large-scale detachment of the outer skin layer (epidermis), affecting more than 30% of the body's surface. TEN has a mortality rate of over 20%, often due to infections and breathing difficulties. Stopping the medication causing the reaction, providing supportive care, and using additional treatments can improve the outcome. Recent studies have shown that drugs like cyclosporine, tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors, and a combination of intravenous immune globulin and corticosteroids can be helpful, based on randomized controlled trials and analyses of multiple studies.
 Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis and Steven–Johnson Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review 32520664 
NIH
Recent Advances: There is improved understanding of pain and morbidity with regard to the type and frequency of dressing changes. More modern dressings, such as nanocrystalline, are currently favored as they may be kept in situ for longer periods. The most recent evidence on systemic agents, such as corticosteroids and cyclosporine, and novel treatments, are also discussed.