Erythema nodosum
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Lumilitaw ito bilang isang masakit na erythematous nodule sa binti.
References
Ang Erythema nodosum ay ang pinakakaraniwang uri ng panniculitis, na nailalarawan sa pamamagitan ng masakit na pulang nodules, na pangunahing matatagpuan sa ibabang mga binti. Ang eksaktong dahilan nito ay nananatiling hindi alam, ngunit lumilitaw na resulta ito ng labis na pagtugon sa iba't ibang mga pag-trigger. Bagama't kadalasang hindi tiyak ang pinagmulan nito, mahalagang ibukod ang iba pang pinagbabatayan na kundisyon bago ma-diagnose ang primary erythema nodosum. Maaari itong magpahiwatig ng pagsisimula ng mga systemic na sakit tulad ng mga impeksyon, pamamaga, kanser, o mga reaksyon sa gamot. Kasama sa mga karaniwang trigger ang strep infections, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, certain medications, pregnancy.
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
Ang Panniculitis ay tumutukoy sa magkakaibang hanay ng mga nagpapaalab na kondisyon na nakakaapekto sa fat tissue sa ilalim ng balat. Ang mga kundisyong ito ay bihira sa mga bata. Ang Panniculitis ay maaaring maging pangunahing isyu sa isang sistematikong kondisyon o isang reaksyong pangalawa sa mga salik tulad ng impeksyon, pinsala, o ilang partikular na gamot. Anuman ang dahilan, karamihan sa mga uri ng panniculitis ay nagpapakita ng mga katulad na sintomas, kabilang ang masakit, pulang nodules sa ilalim ng balat.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Ang Panniculitis , isang pamamaga ng fat layer sa ilalim ng balat, ay isang bihirang kondisyon na kadalasang lumalabas bilang namamagang nodules o patch. Ang Erythema nodosum (EN) ay ang pinakakaraniwang uri, kadalasang na-trigger ng iba't ibang salik. Habang humigit-kumulang 55% ng mga kaso ay walang malinaw na dahilan, ang mga karaniwang nag-trigger ay kinabibilangan ng mga impeksyon, mga gamot, ilang partikular na sakit tulad ng sarcoidosis at inflammatory bowel disease, pagbubuntis, at kanser. Karaniwang lumilitaw ang EN sa mga kabataan at kabataan, mas madalas sa mga babae. Madalas itong nauuna sa isang pangkalahatang pakiramdam ng karamdaman na tumatagal ng isa hanggang tatlong linggo, na may mga sintomas tulad ng lagnat at mga isyu sa itaas na paghinga. Pagkatapos, lumilitaw ang mga pulang bukol, kadalasan sa mga panlabas na bahagi ng mga braso at binti, na nagiging sanhi ng pananakit. Ang eksaktong dahilan ng EN ay hindi lubos na nauunawaan, ngunit ito ay pinaniniwalaang nagsasangkot ng mga immune complex sa maliliit na daluyan ng dugo ng fat layer, na humahantong sa pamamaga. Karaniwan, ang isang biopsy ay nagpapakita ng pamamaga sa fat layer nang walang pinsala sa mga daluyan ng dugo. Kahit na walang partikular na paggamot para sa pinagbabatayan na dahilan, ang EN ay kadalasang nalulutas nang mag-isa. Kaya, karamihan sa mga pasyente ay nangangailangan lamang ng suportang pangangalaga para sa kanilang mga sintomas.
Panniculitis, an inflammation of the fat layer under the skin, is a rare condition usually showing up as swollen nodules or patches. Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common type, often triggered by various factors. While around 55% of cases have no clear cause, common triggers include infections, medications, certain diseases like sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and cancer. EN usually appears in teens and young adults, more often in females. It's often preceded by a general feeling of illness lasting one to three weeks, with symptoms like fever and upper respiratory issues. Then, red nodules appear, usually on the outer sides of arms and legs, causing pain. EN's exact cause isn't fully understood, but it's believed to involve immune complexes in small blood vessels of the fat layer, leading to inflammation. Typically, a biopsy shows inflammation in the fat layer without damage to blood vessels. Even without specific treatment for the underlying cause, EN often resolves on its own. So, most patients need only supportive care for their symptoms.
Panniculitis, an inflammation of the fat layer under the skin, is a rare condition usually showing up as swollen nodules or patches. Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common type, often triggered by various factors. While around 55% of cases have no clear cause, common triggers include infections, medications, certain diseases like sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and cancer. EN usually appears in teens and young adults, more often in females. It's often preceded by a general feeling of illness lasting one to three weeks, with symptoms like fever and upper respiratory issues. Then, red nodules appear, usually on the outer sides of arms and legs, causing pain. EN's exact cause isn't fully understood, but it's believed to involve immune complexes in small blood vessels of the fat layer, leading to inflammation. Typically, a biopsy shows inflammation in the fat layer without damage to blood vessels. Even without specific treatment for the underlying cause, EN often resolves on its own. So, most patients need only supportive care for their symptoms.
Ang erythema nodosum ay nasuri sa klinika. Maaaring kumuha ng biopsy at suriin nang mikroskopiko upang kumpirmahin ang isang hindi tiyak na diagnosis. Dapat na magsagawa ng chest X-ray upang maalis ang mga sakit sa baga, lalo na ang sarcoidosis at tuberculosis.