Syphilis
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Chancres ― pangunahing impeksyon sa syphilitic sa pamamagitan ng Treponema pallidum
References
Ang Syphilis ay isang sakit na nakukuha sa pakikipagtalik na dulot ng bacterium na Treponema pallidum. Sa pag-aaral na ito, nakatuon kami sa 57 mga pasyente na may edad na 18-68 na may pangalawang syphilis.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Ang Syphilis ay isang bacterial infection na dulot ng Treponema pallidum. Maaari itong gayahin ang iba't ibang mga sakit, na tinatawag itong palayaw na great imitator. Ang syphilis ay nakakaapekto pa rin sa milyun-milyon sa buong mundo ngunit mabisang gamutin sa penicillin.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Ang Treponema pallidum ay nagdudulot ng syphilis sa pamamagitan ng pakikipagtalik o mula sa ina patungo sa sanggol sa panahon ng pagbubuntis. Kahit na may mga simpleng pagsusuri upang masuri ito at ang paggamot sa isang long-acting penicillin shot ay gumagana nang maayos, ang syphilis ay nagiging isang malaking problema muli sa buong mundo. Ito ay totoo lalo na sa mga lalaking nakikipagtalik sa mga lalaki (MSM) sa mga bansang may mataas at katamtamang kita. Bagama't naabot ng ilang bansang may mababang kita ang mga layunin ng WHO na pigilan ang pagdaan ng syphilis mula sa ina patungo sa sanggol, mayroong nakababahala na pagtaas ng syphilis sa MSM na positibo sa HIV.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
(1) Pinalaki na Atay: Ito ay madalas na matatagpuan at maaaring mangyari kasama ng isang pinalaki na pali. Ang pagsusuri sa isang biopsy sa atay sa ilalim ng darkfield microscopy ay maaaring magbunyag ng pagkakaroon ng spirochete. Ang mga pagsusuri sa function ng atay ay maaaring magpakita ng mga abnormalidad. (2) Paninilaw ng Balat (Jaundice) : Kung ang isang tao ay nagpapakita ng jaundice ay depende sa kung gaano kalaki ang apektado sa atay. (3) Runny Nose: Kadalasan ang isa sa mga unang palatandaan, kadalasan sa loob ng unang linggo pagkatapos ng kapanganakan. (4) Namamagang Lymph Nodes: Ang pangkalahatang pamamaga ng mga lymph node, kadalasang walang sakit, ay karaniwan din. (5) Pantal sa Balat: Karaniwang lumilitaw ang isang pantal isa hanggang dalawang linggo pagkatapos ng runny nose. Maaari kang makakita ng maliliit na pula o pink na batik sa likod, puwit, hita, at talampakan. Ang pantal na ito ay maaaring umunlad sa pagbabalat at pag-crust.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
○ Diagnosis at Paggamot
Maaaring gamitin ang VDRL at RPR upang kumpirmahin ang kamakailang impeksyon at screen para sa syphilis. Ang FTA-ABS test ay isang mas partikular na pagsubok at maaaring gamitin upang suriin ang nakaraang kasaysayan ng impeksyon. Ang penicillin ay ginagamit upang gamutin ang syphilis.