مزید معلومات ― اردو

Impetigo is the most common bacterial skin infection in children two to five years of age. There are two principal types: nonbullous (70% of cases) and bullous (30% of cases). Nonbullous impetigo, or impetigo contagiosa, is caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes, and is characterized by honey-colored crusts on the face and extremities. Impetigo primarily affects the skin or secondarily infects insect bites, eczema, or herpetic lesions. Bullous impetigo, which is caused exclusively by S. aureus, results in large, flaccid bullae and is more likely to affect intertriginous areas. Both types usually resolve within two to three weeks without scarring, and complications are rare, with the most serious being poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Treatment includes topical antibiotics such as mupirocin, retapamulin, and fusidic acid. Oral antibiotic therapy can be used for impetigo with large bullae or when topical therapy is impractical. Amoxicillin/clavulanate, dicloxacillin, cephalexin, clindamycin, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and macrolides are options, but penicillin is not. Topical disinfectants are inferior to antibiotics and should not be used. Empiric treatment considerations have changed with the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, with methicillin-resistant S. aureus, macrolide-resistant streptococcus, and mupirocin-resistant streptococcus all documented. Fusidic acid, mupirocin, and retapamulin cover methicillin-susceptible S. aureus and streptococcal infections. Clindamycin proves helpful in suspected methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole covers methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection, but is inadequate for streptococcal infection.

Impetigo جلد کا ایک عام انفیکشن ہے جو بعض بیکٹیریا کی وجہ سے ہوتا ہے، جو آسانی سے رابطے سے پھیلتا ہے۔ یہ عام طور پر پیلے رنگ کی پرت سے ڈھکے ہوئے سرخ دھبوں کے طور پر ظاہر ہوتا ہے اور خارش یا درد کا سبب بن سکتا ہے۔ یہ انفیکشن گرم، مرطوب علاقوں میں رہنے والے بچوں میں زیادہ عام ہے۔ یہ چھالوں کے طور پر یا ان کے بغیر ظاہر ہو سکتا ہے۔ اگرچہ یہ اکثر چہرے پر اثر انداز ہوتا ہے، یہ کسی بھی جگہ ہو سکتا ہے جہاں جلد میں کوئی خرابی ہو۔ تشخیص بنیادی طور پر علامات اور یہ کیسا لگتا ہے اس پر انحصار کرتا ہے۔ علاج میں عام طور پر علامات کے انتظام کے ساتھ اینٹی بائیوٹکس، حالات اور زبانی دونوں شامل ہوتے ہیں۔
Impetigo is a common infection of the superficial layers of the epidermis that is highly contagious and most commonly caused by gram-positive bacteria. It most commonly presents as erythematous plaques with a yellow crust and may be itchy or painful. The lesions are highly contagious and spread easily. Impetigo is a disease of children who reside in hot humid climates. The infection may be bullous or nonbullous. The infection typically affects the face but can also occur in any other part of the body that has an abrasion, laceration, insect bite or other trauma. Diagnosis is typically based on the symptoms and clinical manifestations alone. Treatment involves topical and oral antibiotics and symptomatic care.