Acanthosis nigricans - 黑棘皮病
这在肥胖者中很常见。
References
Acanthosis nigricans 是潜在病症的皮肤表现。它经常出现在颈部、腋窝和腹股沟等皮肤皱褶处，看起来像天鹅绒般的黑色斑块，边缘不清晰。这种情况通常与糖尿病和胰岛素抵抗有关，但在极少数情况下，它可能表明体内存在癌症。它也可能由于激素问题或服用类固醇和避孕药等特定药物而出现。
Acanthosis nigricans is a cutaneous manifestation of an underlying condition. It usually develops in skin folds, such as the back of the neck, axilla, and groin, where it presents as velvety hyper-pigmented patches with poorly defined borders. Acanthosis nigricans is most commonly associated with diabetes and insulin resistance, but rarely it can be a sign of internal malignancy. It can also occur with hormone disorders or with the use of certain medications like systemic glucocorticoids and oral contraceptives.
Acanthosis nigricans is a cutaneous manifestation of an underlying condition. It usually develops in skin folds, such as the back of the neck, axilla, and groin, where it presents as velvety hyper-pigmented patches with poorly defined borders. Acanthosis nigricans is most commonly associated with diabetes and insulin resistance, but rarely it can be a sign of internal malignancy. It can also occur with hormone disorders or with the use of certain medications like systemic glucocorticoids and oral contraceptives.
Acanthosis nigricans (AN) 是一种常见的皮肤病，与胰岛素抵抗、糖尿病、肥胖、某些癌症、荷尔蒙问题和药物反应等各种健康问题有关。治疗 AN 的重点是解决潜在的健康问题。首先，医生会检查是否有胰岛素抵抗综合症的迹象，包括肥胖、高胆固醇、高血压和 2 型糖尿病。医生经常将 topical retinoids 作为第一治疗选择，这有助于皮肤增厚。然而，它们可能无法完全解决皮肤变黑的问题。其他治疗方案如 salicylic acid, podophyllin, urea, and calcipotriol 也需要经常使用。
Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a common dermatologic manifestation of systemic disease that is associated with insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, obesity, internal malignancy, endocrine disorders, and drug reactions. Treatment of AN primarily focuses on resolution of the underlying disease processes causing the velvety, hyperpigmented, hyperkeratotic plaques found on the skin. Initial considerations for the AN workup include evaluating patients for insulin resistance syndrome characterized by obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus type II. For cosmetic treatment, topical retinoids are considered the first-line therapy for insulin-resistant AN by modifying keratinization rate. However, topical tretinoin requires application for long durations and improves hyperkeratosis, but not hyperpigmentation. Topical salicylic acid, podophyllin, urea, and calcipotriol also require frequent application, while TCA peels may provide a faster and less time-intense burden.
Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a common dermatologic manifestation of systemic disease that is associated with insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, obesity, internal malignancy, endocrine disorders, and drug reactions. Treatment of AN primarily focuses on resolution of the underlying disease processes causing the velvety, hyperpigmented, hyperkeratotic plaques found on the skin. Initial considerations for the AN workup include evaluating patients for insulin resistance syndrome characterized by obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus type II. For cosmetic treatment, topical retinoids are considered the first-line therapy for insulin-resistant AN by modifying keratinization rate. However, topical tretinoin requires application for long durations and improves hyperkeratosis, but not hyperpigmentation. Topical salicylic acid, podophyllin, urea, and calcipotriol also require frequent application, while TCA peels may provide a faster and less time-intense burden.
○ 原因
它通常发生在 40 岁以下的个体中，可能是遗传性的，并且与肥胖或内分泌疾病有关，例如甲状腺功能减退症、肢端肥大症、多囊卵巢病、胰岛素抵抗性糖尿病或库欣病。
○ 治疗 - 非处方药
#40% urea cream