Alopecia areata - 斑秃
斑秃 (Alopecia areata) 常出现在头皮后部。典型情况下，它会突然出现，斑块表面光滑，直径约 2-3 厘米。
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesAlopecia areata 是一种免疫系统攻击毛囊的疾病，导致暂时性脱发且不留下疤痕。它可表现为局部斑秃，也可累及整个头皮或全身。约有 2% 的人在其一生中的某个阶段受到影响。其根本原因似乎是毛囊周围自然保护层的破坏。
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder characterized by transient, non-scarring hair loss and preservation of the hair follicle. Hair loss can take many forms ranging from loss in well-defined patches to diffuse or total hair loss, which can affect all hair-bearing sites. Patchy alopecia areata affecting the scalp is the most common type. Alopecia areata affects nearly 2% of the general population at some point during their lifetime. A breakdown of immune privilege of the hair follicle is thought to be an important driver of alopecia areata.
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder characterized by transient, non-scarring hair loss and preservation of the hair follicle. Hair loss can take many forms ranging from loss in well-defined patches to diffuse or total hair loss, which can affect all hair-bearing sites. Patchy alopecia areata affecting the scalp is the most common type. Alopecia areata affects nearly 2% of the general population at some point during their lifetime. A breakdown of immune privilege of the hair follicle is thought to be an important driver of alopecia areata.
Alopecia areata 是一种免疫系统攻击毛囊的病症，导致头皮和身体其他多毛部位脱发。它影响全世界约 2% 的人。虽然可发生在任何年龄段，但儿童的发病率高于成人 (1.92% vs. 1.47%)。女性，尤其是 50 岁以上的女性，往往比男性更易出现此情况。将皮质类固醇直接注射到受影响区域的效果优于局部涂抹。
Alopecia areata is an immune-mediated condition leading to non-scarring alopecia of the scalp and other hair-bearing areas of the body. It affects up to 2% of the global population. It can affect all ages, but the prevalence appears higher in children compared to adults (1.92%, 1.47%). A greater incidence has been reported in females than males, especially in patients with late-onset disease, defined as age greater than 50 years. Intralesional injection of corticosteroids has been reported to lead to better responses compared to topical steroids.
Alopecia areata is an immune-mediated condition leading to non-scarring alopecia of the scalp and other hair-bearing areas of the body. It affects up to 2% of the global population. It can affect all ages, but the prevalence appears higher in children compared to adults (1.92%, 1.47%). A greater incidence has been reported in females than males, especially in patients with late-onset disease, defined as age greater than 50 years. Intralesional injection of corticosteroids has been reported to lead to better responses compared to topical steroids.
斑秃被认为是一种与毛囊免疫系统相关的自身免疫性疾病。潜在机制涉及机体无法识别自身细胞，进而导致免疫介导的毛囊破坏。
○ 治疗 - 非处方药
部分轻度斑秃患者在无需治疗的情况下可于一年内自行恢复，但多数患者会在头皮的其他部位出现复发。
#Hydrocortisone cream
○ 治疗
病灶内注射类固醇是最有效的治疗方法。若大面积头皮受累，可考虑免疫疗法。
#Triamcinolone intralesional injection
#DPCP immunotherapy