Cellulitis - 蜂窝织炎
腿是蜂窝织炎 (Cellulitis)的常见位置。
典型案例
愈合阶段。
References
Cellulitis 是一种常见的细菌性皮肤感染。它每年影响美国超过 1400 万人。它每年导致约 37 亿美元的门诊护理费用和 65 万人住院治疗。通常， cellulitis 表现为皮肤上温暖、红色的区域，伴有肿胀和压痛。它是由突然的细菌感染引起的，会引发深层皮肤层和附近组织的炎症。这种感染没有脓肿或脓液。 β-溶血性链球菌，尤其是 A 组链球菌 (Streptococcus pyogenes) 是常见的罪魁祸首，其次是 methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus 。
Cellulitis is a common bacterial skin infection, with over 14 million cases occurring in the United States annually. It accounts for approximately 3.7 billion dollars in ambulatory care costs and 650000 hospitalizations annually. Cellulitis typically presents as a poorly demarcated, warm, erythematous area with associated edema and tenderness to palpation. It is an acute bacterial infection causing inflammation of the deep dermis and surrounding subcutaneous tissue. The infection is without an abscess or purulent discharge. Beta-hemolytic streptococci typically cause cellulitis, generally group A streptococcus (i.e., Streptococcus pyogenes), followed by methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Patients who are immunocompromised, colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, bitten by animals, or have comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus may become infected with other bacteria.
Cellulitis is a common bacterial skin infection, with over 14 million cases occurring in the United States annually. It accounts for approximately 3.7 billion dollars in ambulatory care costs and 650000 hospitalizations annually. Cellulitis typically presents as a poorly demarcated, warm, erythematous area with associated edema and tenderness to palpation. It is an acute bacterial infection causing inflammation of the deep dermis and surrounding subcutaneous tissue. The infection is without an abscess or purulent discharge. Beta-hemolytic streptococci typically cause cellulitis, generally group A streptococcus (i.e., Streptococcus pyogenes), followed by methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Patients who are immunocompromised, colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, bitten by animals, or have comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus may become infected with other bacteria.
Cellulitis 是皮肤和软组织的细菌感染。当皮肤的保护屏障、免疫系统或血液循环出现问题时，就会发生这种情况。糖尿病、肥胖和老年通过影响这些区域来增加 cellulitis 的机会。我们还研究了最近诊断 cellulitis 的发现，强调了准确诊断的重要性，因为静脉功能不全、湿疹、深静脉血栓形成和痛风等疾病经常与蜂窝组织炎混淆。用于治疗 cellulitis 的抗生素经过精心选择，以针对常见细菌，而不鼓励抗生素耐药性。我们还讨论了批准用于 cellulitis 的新抗生素。 Cellulitis 由于持续的风险因素和淋巴系统受损，经常会复发。
Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the skin and soft tissues. It happens when there are issues with the skin's protective barrier, the immune system, or blood circulation. Diabetes, obesity, and old age increase the chances of cellulitis by affecting these areas. We also look at recent findings on diagnosing cellulitis, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis since conditions like venous insufficiency, eczema, deep vein thrombosis, and gout are often confused with cellulitis. Antibiotics used to treat cellulitis are chosen carefully to target common bacteria without encouraging antibiotic resistance. We also talk about new antibiotics approved for cellulitis. Cellulitis often comes back because of ongoing risk factors and damage to the lymphatic system..
Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the skin and soft tissues. It happens when there are issues with the skin's protective barrier, the immune system, or blood circulation. Diabetes, obesity, and old age increase the chances of cellulitis by affecting these areas. We also look at recent findings on diagnosing cellulitis, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis since conditions like venous insufficiency, eczema, deep vein thrombosis, and gout are often confused with cellulitis. Antibiotics used to treat cellulitis are chosen carefully to target common bacteria without encouraging antibiotic resistance. We also talk about new antibiotics approved for cellulitis. Cellulitis often comes back because of ongoing risk factors and damage to the lymphatic system..
许多人因突发细菌性皮肤感染而去医院或急诊室。 Staphylococcus aureus 是引起这些感染的主要细菌，并且由于某些菌株对常见抗生素具有抗药性，因此治疗变得越来越困难。
Acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections are a common reason for seeking care at acute healthcare facilities, including emergency departments. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common organism associated with these infections, and the emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has represented a considerable challenge in their treatment.
Acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections are a common reason for seeking care at acute healthcare facilities, including emergency departments. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common organism associated with these infections, and the emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has represented a considerable challenge in their treatment.
根据对抗生素的反应， Staphylococcus aureus 可分为两种类型： methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 。过去几十年来，由于细菌进化和抗生素的过度使用， S. Aureus 对药物的耐药性不断上升，导致全球 MRSA 感染率上升。
According to the sensitivity to antibiotic drugs, S. aureus can be divided into methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In recent decades, due to the evolution of bacteria and the abuse of antibiotics, the drug resistance of S. aureus has gradually increased, the infection rate of MRSA has increased worldwide.
According to the sensitivity to antibiotic drugs, S. aureus can be divided into methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In recent decades, due to the evolution of bacteria and the abuse of antibiotics, the drug resistance of S. aureus has gradually increased, the infection rate of MRSA has increased worldwide.
To review the salient features of the management of severe skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), including toxic shock syndrome, myonecrosis/gas gangrene, and necrotizing fasciitis.
腿部和面部是最常见的受累部位。危险因素包括肥胖、腿部肿胀和年老。最常见的细菌是链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。
治疗通常采用口服抗生素，例如头孢氨苄、阿莫西林或氯唑西林。大约 95% 的人在治疗 7 至 10 天后病情有所好转。然而，患有糖尿病的人往往会出现更糟糕的结果。
蜂窝组织炎是一种常见疾病，在英国，1.6% 的患者因蜂窝组织炎入院。 2015 年，蜂窝组织炎导致全球约 16,900 人死亡。
○ 治疗 - 非处方药
晚期蜂窝织炎需要仅由医生开具的抗生素治疗。如果病变进展较快，并伴有发热、寒战，建议尽快就医。
在早期病变处涂抹非处方抗生素软膏可能会有所帮助。如果药膏涂得太薄，可能根本不起作用。
#Polysporin
#Bacitracin
#Betadine
使用对乙酰氨基酚等非处方止痛药来缓解疼痛。
#Ibuprofen
#Naproxen
#Acetaminophen
保持足部清洁并治疗脚气，因为脚气会增加蜂窝织炎的风险。
○ 治疗
#First-generation cephalosporins (e.g. Cefradine)
#Bacterial culture
#Third-generation cephalosporins (e.g. Cefditoren Pivoxil)