Hidradenitis suppurativa - 化脓性汗腺炎
化脓性汗腺炎 (Hidradenitis suppurativa)（第一阶段）在腋下。这是一个非常轻微的化脓性汗腺炎 (Hidradenitis suppurativa)病例。
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesHidradenitis suppurativa 是一种慢性皮肤疾病，常反复发作，严重影响生活质量。它由毛囊炎症引起，易伴随细菌感染。医生通常通过评估疮口的类型（如结节、脓肿或窦道）、部位（多见于皮肤皱褶处）、复发频率及持续时间来作出诊断。
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating skin condition. It is an inflammatory disorder of the follicular epithelium, but secondary bacterial infection can often occur. The diagnosis is made clinically based on typical lesions (nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts), locations (skin folds), and nature of relapses and chronicity.
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating skin condition. It is an inflammatory disorder of the follicular epithelium, but secondary bacterial infection can often occur. The diagnosis is made clinically based on typical lesions (nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts), locations (skin folds), and nature of relapses and chronicity.
非生物和非手术治疗通常单独用于轻度疾病，也可与生物治疗和手术联合用于中度至重度疾病。最近的研究提供了额外证据，证明直接注射至病变部位的皮质类固醇对热射病发作和局部病变具有疗效。此外，还有证据表明，单独使用四环素的效果可能与克林霉素联合利福平的效果相当。
Non-biologic and non-procedural treatments are often used as monotherapy for mild disease and can be used in conjunction with biologic therapy and surgery for moderate to severe disease. Recent studies highlighted in this review add support for the use of intralesional corticosteroids for HS flares and localized lesions, and there is evidence that monotherapy with tetracyclines may be as effective as the clindamycin/rifampicin combination.
Non-biologic and non-procedural treatments are often used as monotherapy for mild disease and can be used in conjunction with biologic therapy and surgery for moderate to severe disease. Recent studies highlighted in this review add support for the use of intralesional corticosteroids for HS flares and localized lesions, and there is evidence that monotherapy with tetracyclines may be as effective as the clindamycin/rifampicin combination.
许多治疗方法用于治疗化脓性汗腺炎，包括抗生素、类维生素A、抗雄激素、免疫抑制药物、抗炎药物以及针对早期病变的放射治疗。最推荐的治疗方案是阿达木单抗联合激光疗法。对于其他治疗效果不佳的严重、晚期病例，手术（简单切除或完全局部切除并植皮）是首选。
Many treatments are used for hidradenitis suppurativa, including antibiotics, retinoids, antiandrogens, immune-suppressing drugs, anti-inflammatory medications, and radiotherapy for early lesions. The top recommended treatments are adalimumab and laser therapy. Surgery, either simple excision or complete local excision with skin grafting, is the preferred option for severe, advanced cases that don't respond well to other treatments.
Many treatments are used for hidradenitis suppurativa, including antibiotics, retinoids, antiandrogens, immune-suppressing drugs, anti-inflammatory medications, and radiotherapy for early lesions. The top recommended treatments are adalimumab and laser therapy. Surgery, either simple excision or complete local excision with skin grafting, is the preferred option for severe, advanced cases that don't respond well to other treatments.
具体病因尚不明确，但据信与遗传和环境因素共同作用有关。约有三分之一的患者有受影响的家族史。其他危险因素包括肥胖和吸烟。该疾病并非由感染或卫生条件差引起。
目前尚无根治方法。单纯切开病变部位以引流并不能显著改善病情。虽然抗生素常被使用，但其疗效证据有限。免疫抑制药物也可作为治疗选项。对于病情较重的患者，激光治疗或切除受累皮肤的手术可能是可行的。极少数情况下，皮肤病变可能演变为皮肤癌。
如果将轻度的化脓性汗腺炎 (hidradenitis suppurativa) 也计入，则其发病率约为人口的 1%–4%。女性的发病率约为男性的三倍，通常在成年早期出现。