Hidradenitis suppurativa - 化脓性汗腺炎
化脓性汗腺炎 (Hidradenitis suppurativa)（第一阶段）在腋下。这是一个非常轻微的化脓性汗腺炎 (Hidradenitis suppurativa)病例。
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Hidradenitis suppurativa 是一种慢性皮肤病，会反复发作，并会严重影响您的生活。它是由毛囊炎症引起的，通常会导致细菌感染。医生通常通过查看您的疮口类型（如结节、脓肿或窦道）、疮口所在位置（通常在皮肤皱褶处）、复发频率和持续时间来诊断。
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating skin condition. It is an inflammatory disorder of the follicular epithelium, but secondary bacterial infection can often occur. The diagnosis is made clinically based on typical lesions (nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts), locations (skin folds), and nature of relapses and chronicity.
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating skin condition. It is an inflammatory disorder of the follicular epithelium, but secondary bacterial infection can often occur. The diagnosis is made clinically based on typical lesions (nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts), locations (skin folds), and nature of relapses and chronicity.
非生物和非手术治疗通常单独用于轻度疾病，可与生物治疗和手术结合用于中度至重度疾病。最近的研究提供了额外的证据，证明使用直接注射到病变部位的皮质类固醇对于热射病发作和局部病变的有效性。此外，有证据表明单独使用四环素可能与克林霉素与利福平联合使用一样有效。
Non-biologic and non-procedural treatments are often used as monotherapy for mild disease and can be used in conjunction with biologic therapy and surgery for moderate to severe disease. Recent studies highlighted in this review add support for the use of intralesional corticosteroids for HS flares and localized lesions, and there is evidence that monotherapy with tetracyclines may be as effective as the clindamycin/rifampicin combination.
Non-biologic and non-procedural treatments are often used as monotherapy for mild disease and can be used in conjunction with biologic therapy and surgery for moderate to severe disease. Recent studies highlighted in this review add support for the use of intralesional corticosteroids for HS flares and localized lesions, and there is evidence that monotherapy with tetracyclines may be as effective as the clindamycin/rifampicin combination.
许多治疗方法用于治疗化脓性汗腺炎，包括抗生素、类维生素A、抗雄激素、免疫抑制药物、抗炎药物和针对早期病变的放射治疗。最推荐的治疗方法是阿达木单抗和激光疗法。对于其他治疗效果不佳的严重、晚期病例，手术（简单切除或完全局部切除并植皮）是首选。
Many treatments are used for hidradenitis suppurativa, including antibiotics, retinoids, antiandrogens, immune-suppressing drugs, anti-inflammatory medications, and radiotherapy for early lesions. The top recommended treatments are adalimumab and laser therapy. Surgery, either simple excision or complete local excision with skin grafting, is the preferred option for severe, advanced cases that don't respond well to other treatments.
Many treatments are used for hidradenitis suppurativa, including antibiotics, retinoids, antiandrogens, immune-suppressing drugs, anti-inflammatory medications, and radiotherapy for early lesions. The top recommended treatments are adalimumab and laser therapy. Surgery, either simple excision or complete local excision with skin grafting, is the preferred option for severe, advanced cases that don't respond well to other treatments.
确切的原因通常尚不清楚，但据信涉及遗传和环境因素的结合。大约三分之一的患者有受影响的家庭成员。其他危险因素包括肥胖和吸烟。这种情况不是由感染、卫生条件差引起的。
目前尚无治愈方法。切开病变部位以使其引流并不会产生显着的益处。虽然抗生素很常用，但其使用的证据却很少。也可以尝试免疫抑制药物。对于患有更严重疾病的患者，激光治疗或去除受影响皮肤的手术可能是可行的。极少数情况下，皮肤病变可能会发展成皮肤癌。
如果包括 化脓性汗腺炎 (hidradenitis suppurativa) 的轻度病例，则其频率估计为人口的 1-4%。女性被诊断出患有此病的可能性是男性的三倍。通常在成年早期发病。