Porokeratosis - 汗孔角化症
坚硬的突出边缘是其特征。
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesPorokeratosis 是一种罕见的皮肤病，其特征是角化异常，导致皮肤上出现凸起的环形斑块或粗糙的肿块。显微镜下的显著特征是存在角质层，这是皮肤顶层细胞的特定排列。Porokeratosis 有多种形式，例如 disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis、classical porokeratosis of Mibelli、porokeratosis palmaris plantaris et disseminatum 和 linear porokeratosis。值得注意的是，Porokeratosis 有可能发展成皮肤癌。诊断 Porokeratosis 的最佳方法是对凸起边界的病变进行活检，尽管目前尚无统一的治疗方案。
Porokeratosis is an uncommon dermatologic disorder. It is a disorder of keratinization that presents with keratotic papules or annular plaques with an elevated border. It has a distinct histologic hallmark of cornoid lamella, which is a column of tightly fitted parakeratotic cells in the upper epidermis. There are multiple clinical variants of porokeratosis, including disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, classical porokeratosis of Mibelli, porokeratosis palmaris plantaris et disseminatum, and linear porokeratosis. Porokeratosis is a precancerous lesion that can undergo malignant transformation. Evaluation of porokeratosis is best with a biopsy of the elevated border. There are no standard guidelines for treatment.
Porokeratosis is an uncommon dermatologic disorder. It is a disorder of keratinization that presents with keratotic papules or annular plaques with an elevated border. It has a distinct histologic hallmark of cornoid lamella, which is a column of tightly fitted parakeratotic cells in the upper epidermis. There are multiple clinical variants of porokeratosis, including disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, classical porokeratosis of Mibelli, porokeratosis palmaris plantaris et disseminatum, and linear porokeratosis. Porokeratosis is a precancerous lesion that can undergo malignant transformation. Evaluation of porokeratosis is best with a biopsy of the elevated border. There are no standard guidelines for treatment.
Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) 是一种角质化紊乱疾病。它是六种汗孔角化症之一，与其他类型（linear、Mibelli’s、punctate、palmoplantar disseminated 和 superficial porokeratosis）相比，通常累及更大的皮肤区域。DSAP 的爆发常与癌症、免疫功能下降或炎症有关。危险因素包括遗传、免疫抑制和阳光照射。 DSAP 最初表现为暴露于阳光的部位出现粉红色或棕色的斑块，边缘隆起，偶有轻度瘙痒。治疗方法多样，可包括外用乳膏、光疗或使用 5‑氟尿嘧啶、类维生素 A 等药物。这些病变被视为癌前病变，约有 7.5%–10% 的风险转变为鳞状细胞癌或基底细胞癌。
Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) is a disease of disordered keratinization. Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis is one of six variants of porokeratosis. It has more extensive involvement than most other variants. These other variants include linear porokeratosis, porokeratosis of Mibelli, punctate porokeratosis, porokeratosis palmaris et plantaris disseminata, and disseminated superficial porokeratosis. The eruptive form of porokeratosis is associated with malignancy, immunosuppression, and a proinflammatory state. Risk factors for porokeratosis include genetics, immunosuppression, and ultraviolet light. The lesions in disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis start as pink to brown papules and macules with a raised border in sun-exposed areas that can be asymptomatic or slightly pruritic. There are many options for the treatment of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, including topical diclofenac, photodynamic therapy (PDT), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), imiquimod, vitamin D analogs, retinoids, and lasers. These lesions are considered precancerous. There is a 7.5 to 10% risk of malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma.
Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) is a disease of disordered keratinization. Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis is one of six variants of porokeratosis. It has more extensive involvement than most other variants. These other variants include linear porokeratosis, porokeratosis of Mibelli, punctate porokeratosis, porokeratosis palmaris et plantaris disseminata, and disseminated superficial porokeratosis. The eruptive form of porokeratosis is associated with malignancy, immunosuppression, and a proinflammatory state. Risk factors for porokeratosis include genetics, immunosuppression, and ultraviolet light. The lesions in disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis start as pink to brown papules and macules with a raised border in sun-exposed areas that can be asymptomatic or slightly pruritic. There are many options for the treatment of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, including topical diclofenac, photodynamic therapy (PDT), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), imiquimod, vitamin D analogs, retinoids, and lasers. These lesions are considered precancerous. There is a 7.5 to 10% risk of malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma.
一名52岁男子，既往身体健康，但其第四趾末端出现一个扁平的环形斑块，已存在两年，无任何症状。起初为一个小而坚硬的结节，随后逐渐向外扩展。虽尝试冷冻疗法、外用乳膏、抗真菌药物和抗生素等多种治疗，病灶仍未好转。经皮肤镜检查，发现病灶中心干燥呈红色，边缘厚实且粗糙。从病灶边缘取出的皮肤活检显示表皮异常细胞增生，证实为porokeratosis of Mibelli。
A 52-year-old man with no past medical history presented with an asymptomatic annular atrophic patch on the distal portion of the fourth toe of 2 years’ duration. The lesion began as a small keratotic papule that gradually enlarged centrifugally. He had received multiple treatments including cryotherapy, topical corticosteroids, antifungals, and antibiotics without improvement. Dermoscopic examination revealed a scaly atrophic erythematous central area with a sharply demarcated peripheral hyperkeratotic structure. A skin biopsy of the edge of the lesion revealed a cornoid lamella with a column of parakeratotic cells extending from an invagination of the epidermis with absence of granular layer. The clinicopathologic correlation was consistent with porokeratosis of Mibelli.
A 52-year-old man with no past medical history presented with an asymptomatic annular atrophic patch on the distal portion of the fourth toe of 2 years’ duration. The lesion began as a small keratotic papule that gradually enlarged centrifugally. He had received multiple treatments including cryotherapy, topical corticosteroids, antifungals, and antibiotics without improvement. Dermoscopic examination revealed a scaly atrophic erythematous central area with a sharply demarcated peripheral hyperkeratotic structure. A skin biopsy of the edge of the lesion revealed a cornoid lamella with a column of parakeratotic cells extending from an invagination of the epidermis with absence of granular layer. The clinicopathologic correlation was consistent with porokeratosis of Mibelli.
通常需要进行活检，因为其外观可能与光化性角化病或鳞状细胞癌相似。