Scabies is a contagious skin infestation by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. The most common symptoms are severe itchiness and a pimple-like rash. These symptoms can be present across most of the body or just certain areas such as the wrists, between fingers, or along the waistline.
Scabies 是一种由微小螨虫引起的传染性皮肤病。这种螨虫会钻入皮肤,导致剧烈瘙痒,尤其是在晚上。它的主要传播方式是通过皮肤接触,因此家庭成员和密切接触者的风险最高。 2009 年,世界卫生组织 (WHO) 将 scabies 标记为一种被忽视的皮肤病,强调其作为健康问题的重要性,特别是在发展中国家。 Scabies is a contagious skin condition resulting from the infestation of a mite. The Sarcoptes scabiei mite burrows within the skin and causes severe itching. This itch is relentless, especially at night. Skin-to-skin contact transmits the infectious organism therefore, family members and skin contact relationships create the highest risk. Scabies was declared a neglected skin disease by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2009 and is a significant health concern in many developing countries.
Permethrin 是一种用于治疗疥疮和虱子的药物。它属于一组称为拟除虫菊酯的合成化学物质,会影响神经系统。 Permethrin 的作用是扰乱虱子和螨虫等昆虫神经细胞中钠的运动,导致瘫痪并最终停止呼吸。 Permethrin is a medication used in the management and treatment of scabies and pediculosis. It is in the synthetic neurotoxic pyrethroid class of medicine. It targets eggs, lice, and mites via working on sodium transport across neuronal membranes in arthropods, causing depolarization. This results in respiratory paralysis of the affected arthropod.
有多种药物可用于治疗感染者,包括氯菊酯、克罗米通、林丹乳膏和伊维菌素。近一个月内的性接触者和住在同一屋檐下的人也应同时治疗。过去三天使用过的床上用品和衣服应该用热水清洗,并用热烘干机烘干。治疗后症状可能会持续两到四个星期。如果在此之后症状仍然存在,可能需要重新治疗。
疥 (scabies) 是儿童三种最常见的皮肤病之一,另外两个是癣和细菌性皮肤感染。截至 2015 年,它影响了约 2.04 亿人(占世界人口的 2.8%)。这在两性中同样常见。年轻人和老年人更容易受到影响。它更常见于发展中国家和热带气候。
○ 治疗 - 非处方药
疥疮的一个重要特征是所有家庭成员都同时出现瘙痒症状。有些药物(例如氯菊酯)无需处方即可在非处方药 (OTC) 购买。治疗应由全家人共同完成。
#Benzyl benzoate
#Permethrin
#Sulfur soap and cream
○ 治疗
#10% crotamiton lotion
#5% permethrin cream
#1% lindane lotion
#5% sulfur ointment