Syphilis - 梅毒
Chancres ― 一期梅毒感染 Treponema pallidum
References
梅毒是一种由梅毒螺旋体细菌引起的性传播疾病。在这项研究中，我们重点关注 57 名 18-68 岁的二期梅毒患者。
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
梅毒是由梅毒螺旋体引起的细菌感染。它可以模仿多种疾病，因此获得了“ great imitator ”的绰号。梅毒仍然影响着全球数百万人，但可以用青霉素有效治疗。
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Treponema pallidum 通过性接触或怀孕期间母亲传给婴儿导致梅毒。尽管有简单的测试可以诊断梅毒，并且注射一剂长效青霉素治疗效果很好，但梅毒再次成为世界范围内的一个大问题。对于高收入和中等收入国家的男男性行为者 (MSM) 来说尤其如此。尽管一些低收入国家已经实现了世卫组织阻止梅毒从母亲传染给婴儿的目标，但艾滋病毒呈阳性的男男性接触者中梅毒的增加令人担忧。
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
(1) 肝脏肿大：这种情况很常见，并且可能与脾脏肿大同时发生。在暗视野显微镜下检查肝脏活检可能会发现螺旋体的存在。肝功能检查可能显示异常。 (2) 皮肤发黄（黄疸）：是否出现黄疸取决于肝脏受影响的程度。 (3) 流鼻涕：通常是最初的症状之一，通常发生在出生后的第一周内。 (4) 淋巴结肿大：淋巴结普遍肿大，通常无痛，也很常见。 (5) 皮疹：皮疹通常在流鼻涕后一到两周出现。您可能会在背部、臀部、大腿和脚底看到红色或粉红色的小斑点。这种皮疹可能会发展为脱皮和结痂。
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
○ 诊断和治疗
VDRL 和 RPR 可用于确认近期感染和筛查梅毒。 FTA-ABS测试是一种更具体的测试，可用于检查以前的感染史。青霉素用于治疗梅毒。