Varicella - 水痘
一个男孩出现了典型的水痘水泡。
这是典型的水痘病变。其特征是同时出现水疱、红斑和结痂。即使您已接种疫苗，也可能发生这种情况。如果您已接种疫苗，症状可能较轻微。抗病毒治疗可以迅速改善。
References
水痘是一种由水痘带状疱疹病毒 (VZV) 引起的传染性疾病。这种病毒会在没有免疫力的个体中引发水痘（通常在第一次感染期间），随后当它重新激活时可能会导致带状疱疹。水痘会引起发痒的皮疹，伴有小水泡并结痂，通常从胸部、背部和面部开始，然后扩散。它伴有发烧、疲劳、喉咙痛和头痛，通常持续五到七天。并发症可能包括肺炎、脑部炎症和细菌性皮肤感染，尤其是成人比儿童更严重。症状通常在接触后 10 至 21 天出现，平均潜伏期约为两周。
Chickenpox or varicella is a contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The virus is responsible for chickenpox (usually primary infection in non-immune hosts) and herpes zoster or shingles (following reactivation of latent infection). Chickenpox results in a skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which scabs over. It typically starts on the chest, back, and face then spreads. It is accompanied by fever, fatigue, pharyngitis, and headaches which usually last five to seven days. Complications include pneumonia, brain inflammation, and bacterial skin infections. The disease is more severe in adults than in children. Symptoms begin ten to 21 days after exposure, but the average incubation period is about two weeks.
Chickenpox or varicella is a contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The virus is responsible for chickenpox (usually primary infection in non-immune hosts) and herpes zoster or shingles (following reactivation of latent infection). Chickenpox results in a skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which scabs over. It typically starts on the chest, back, and face then spreads. It is accompanied by fever, fatigue, pharyngitis, and headaches which usually last five to seven days. Complications include pneumonia, brain inflammation, and bacterial skin infections. The disease is more severe in adults than in children. Symptoms begin ten to 21 days after exposure, but the average incubation period is about two weeks.
水痘是一种通过空气传播的疾病，通过感染者的咳嗽和打喷嚏很容易从一个人传播到另一个人。潜伏期为10至21天，之后出现特征性皮疹。皮疹出现前一到两天，它可能会扩散，直到所有病变结痂为止。它还可能通过接触水泡而传播。人们通常只会患一次水痘。尽管病毒会发生再次感染，但这些再次感染通常不会引起任何症状。
自 1995 年推出以来，水痘疫苗已减少了该疾病的病例数和并发症。许多国家建议儿童进行常规免疫接种。自免疫接种以来，美国的感染人数减少了近 90%。对于并发症风险较高的患者，建议使用阿昔洛韦等抗病毒药物。
○ 治疗
如果症状不严重，可以服用非处方抗组胺药并进行监测。然而，如果症状严重，可能需要服用抗病毒药物。
#OTC antihistamine
#Acyclovir