Cafe au lait macule - 咖啡斑
童年時期經常出現顏色均勻的邊框和清晰的斑點。整體來說，邊框比這張圖更清晰。
References
雷射治療顯示 75% 的 CALM 患者的清除率為 50%，其中 43% 的患者清除率為 75%。在不同的雷射類型中，QS-1064-nm Nd:YAG 的效果最有效。整體而言，所有雷射類型的副作用（例如色素沉著不足和色素沉著）均較低，表示安全性良好。
To draw a conclusion, the laser treatment could reach an overall clearance rate of 50% for 75% of the patients with CALMs, for 43.3% of the patients, the clearance rate could reach 75%. When looking at different wavelength subgroups, QS-1064-nm Nd:YAG laser exhibited the best treatment capability. Laser of all the wavelength subgroups presented acceptable safety regarding of the low occurrence of side effects, namely, hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation.
To draw a conclusion, the laser treatment could reach an overall clearance rate of 50% for 75% of the patients with CALMs, for 43.3% of the patients, the clearance rate could reach 75%. When looking at different wavelength subgroups, QS-1064-nm Nd:YAG laser exhibited the best treatment capability. Laser of all the wavelength subgroups presented acceptable safety regarding of the low occurrence of side effects, namely, hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation.
Café-au-lait macules were shown in 1063 patients (96.5%), axillary and inguinal freckling in 991 (90%) and neurofibromas in 861 (78.1%). Other skin manifestations included: lipoma (6.2%), nevus anemicus (3.9%), psoriasis (3.4%), spilus nevus (3.2%), juvenile xanthogranuloma (3.2%), vitiligo (2.3%), Becker's nevus (1.9%), melanoma (0.7%) and poliosis (0.5%).
Pigmentation disorders are commonly diagnosed, evaluated, and treated in primary care practices. Typical hyperpigmentation disorders include postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, solar lentigines, ephelides (freckles), and café au lait macules.
健康人身上會出現咖啡斑，但可能與 1 型神經纖維瘤病等症候群有關。青春期前兒童直徑至少 5 毫米、青春期後個體直徑至少 15 毫米的 6 個或更多斑點是神經纖維瘤病的主要診斷標準之一。
咖啡斑通常在出生時就存在，並且是永久性的，並且可能會隨著時間的推移而變大或數量增加。即使在雷射手術後，斑點通常也無法完全去除，或在治療後可能會復發。
○ 治療
復發率通常很高，並且需要長時間的雷射治療。
#QS1064 / QS532 laser