Congenital nevus - 先天性痣
如果受影響範圍廣泛，將來患皮膚癌的可能性很大。
由於其形狀不規則，因此需要進行活檢。
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesCongenital melanocytic nevus 是一種於出生時或嬰兒期形成的胎記。Nevus sebaceous 則是一種涉及毛囊缺陷的皮膚異常。本研究中，我們使用稱為針孔法的雷射技術以及 Erbium: YAG 雷射，治療不同患者的痣病變。
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a melanocytic nevus that is either present at birth or appears during the latter stages of infancy. Nevus sebaceous has been described as the hamartomatous locus of an embryologically defective pilosebaceous unit. Here, we describe how we used the pinhole technique with an erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (erbium : YAG) laser to treat nevi lesions in different patients.
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a melanocytic nevus that is either present at birth or appears during the latter stages of infancy. Nevus sebaceous has been described as the hamartomatous locus of an embryologically defective pilosebaceous unit. Here, we describe how we used the pinhole technique with an erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (erbium : YAG) laser to treat nevi lesions in different patients.
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus 是一種皮膚黑斑，從出生即存在，長大後寬度可超過 20 公分。此情況極為罕見，發生率在每 20,000 名新生兒中不足 1 人。雖然罕見，但其重要性不容忽視，因為它可能導致皮膚癌等嚴重問題，或與大腦與神經相關（神經皮膚黑變病）。一生中罹患皮膚癌的機率約為 5% 至 10%。
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually defined as a melanocytic lesion present at birth that will reach a diameter ≥ 20 cm in adulthood. Its incidence is estimated in <1:20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may associate with severe complications such as malignant melanoma, affect the central nervous system (neurocutaneous melanosis). The estimated lifetime risk of developing melanoma varies from 5 to 10%.
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually defined as a melanocytic lesion present at birth that will reach a diameter ≥ 20 cm in adulthood. Its incidence is estimated in <1:20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may associate with severe complications such as malignant melanoma, affect the central nervous system (neurocutaneous melanosis). The estimated lifetime risk of developing melanoma varies from 5 to 10%.
與後天性黑色素細胞痣相比，先天性黑色素細胞痣的直徑通常較大，且常伴有過多毛髮。當直徑超過 40 公分（16 吋）且伴有明顯多毛時，亦稱為巨毛痣。
隨著兒童成長，黑色素細胞痣會與身體大小同步增長。毛髮會變得更加突出，尤其在青春期後更為明顯。
手術切除是標準治療方式，許多患者為了美觀而接受切除；同時，為降低癌變風險，較大的痣亦會被切除。巨大的先天性痣惡性化為黑色素瘤的風險較高，文獻中轉化為黑色素瘤的估計為 2‑42%。
病灶較小時較易手術切除；然而隨著年齡增長，疤痕會變大，使得完全去除且不留疤痕變得相當困難。
○ 治療
#Staged excision (congenital nevus)