Folliculitis - 毛囊炎https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folliculitis
毛囊炎 (Folliculitis) 是毛囊的感染與發炎,可發生於任何有毛髮的皮膚部位,常呈現為丘疹。大多數毛囊炎由金黃色葡萄球菌引起。

大多數輕微病例會自行好轉,但第一線治療通常是外用藥膏。可開立局部抗生素,例如 Mupirocin 或 Neomycin/Polymyxin B/Bacitracin 軟膏。必要時也可使用口服抗生素。真菌性毛囊炎(糠秕孢子菌毛囊炎)可能需要口服抗真菌藥物。

治療
所有治療痤瘡的藥物亦可用於毛囊炎。過氧化苯甲醯與壬二酸都有助於改善毛囊炎病灶。對於某些化膿性病例,也可使用非處方的抗生素軟膏。
#Benzoyl peroxide [OXY-10]
#Adapalene gel [Differin]
#Polysporin
#Bacitracin
☆ 德國 Stiftung Warentest 2022 年的結果顯示,消費者對 ModelDerm 的滿意度僅略低於付費遠距醫療諮詢。
  • 如果有一兩個,通常只是痘痘
  • 如果突然出現多處病變,建議使用抗生素軟膏。
  • 嚴重形式
  • 常表現為軀幹上突然出現大量膿皰。
  • 軀幹上突然出現痤瘡狀、無癢感的皮疹。
  • 如此大的單一病變通常是由金黃色葡萄球菌等細菌所致。您可以考慮服用抗生素。
  • Acne vulgaris非常油性的皮膚。痤瘡是一種發生在青春期的毛囊炎。
  • 膿腫如果切開引流,會癒合得更快。
References Folliculitis 31613534 
NIH
Folliculitis 是一種常見的皮膚疾病,毛囊受到感染或發炎,會在皮膚上形成膿皰或紅色腫塊。它通常是由毛囊的細菌感染所致,但也可能由真菌、病毒或非感染因素引起。
Folliculitis is a common, generally benign, skin condition in which the hair follicle becomes infected/inflamed and forms a pustule or erythematous papule of overlying hair-covered skin. Most commonly, folliculitis is caused by bacterial infection of the superficial or deep hair follicle. However, this condition may also be caused by fungal species, viruses and can even be noninfectious in nature.
 Malassezia (Pityrosporum) Folliculitis 24688625 
NIH
Malassezia (Pityrosporum) folliculitis 是一種看起來像痤瘡,但實際上由真菌引起的皮膚疾病。它常被誤認為普通痤瘡。雖然與痤瘡相似,但一般的痤瘡治療往往無法完全根除,且病程可持續數年。當皮膚中的某些酵母菌過度生長時,就會發生此狀況。免疫功能下降或使用抗生素等因素會使情況惡化。臨床上常見於胸部、背部、手臂及臉部,呈現紅色腫塊或丘疹。口服抗黴菌藥物療效最佳,能快速緩解症狀。有時需同時治療真菌感染與痤瘡。
Malassezia (Pityrosporum) folliculitis is a fungal acneiform condition commonly misdiagnosed as acne vulgaris. Although often associated with common acne, this condition may persist for years without complete resolution with typical acne medications. Malassezia folliculitis results from overgrowth of yeast present in the normal cutaneous flora. Eruptions may be associated with conditions altering this flora, such as immunosuppression and antibiotic use. The most common presentation is monomorphic papules and pustules, often on the chest, back, posterior arms, and face. Oral antifungals are the most effective treatment and result in rapid improvement. The association with acne vulgaris may require combinations of both antifungal and acne medications.
 Special types of folliculitis which should be differentiated from acne 29484091 
NIH
本文介紹了需要與痤瘡區別的各類毛囊炎——包括 superficial pustular folliculitis (表淺膿皰性毛囊炎, SPF)、folliculitis barbae (鬍鬚部毛囊炎) 及 sycosis barbae (鬍鬚部膿皰性毛囊炎)、perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens (頭皮膿性深層毛囊炎)、folliculitis keloidalis nuchae (頸部瘢痕性毛囊炎)、actinic folliculitis (光老化性毛囊炎)、eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (嗜酸性膿皰性毛囊炎, EPF)、malassezia folliculitis (麴黴菌毛囊炎) 以及 epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor‑induced papulopustular eruption (表皮生長因子受體抑制劑所致的丘疹膿皰樣發疹)。
In this article, we introduce several special types of folliculitis which should be differentiated from acne, including superficial pustular folliculitis(SPF), folliculitis barbae and sycosis barbae, perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens, folliculitis keloidalis nuchae, actinic folliculitis, eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF), malassezia folliculitis and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) inhibitor-induced papulopustular eruption.