Scabies - 疥
疥蟎洞穴痕跡的放大圖。左側的鱗屑是因抓傷形成的，標示蟎蟲進入皮膚的入口。蟎蟲已經鑽至右上角。
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesScabies 是一種由微小蟎蟲引起的傳染性皮膚病。這種蟎蟲會鑽入皮膚，導致劇烈搔癢，尤其在夜間更為明顯。其主要傳播方式為皮膚接觸，故家庭成員與密切接觸者風險最高。2009 年，世界衛生組織 (WHO) 將 scabies 列為被忽視的皮膚病，強調其作為健康問題的重要性，尤其在發展中國家。
Scabies is a contagious skin condition resulting from the infestation of a mite. The Sarcoptes scabiei mite burrows within the skin and causes severe itching. This itch is relentless, especially at night. Skin-to-skin contact transmits the infectious organism therefore, family members and skin contact relationships create the highest risk. Scabies was declared a neglected skin disease by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2009 and is a significant health concern in many developing countries.
Scabies is a contagious skin condition resulting from the infestation of a mite. The Sarcoptes scabiei mite burrows within the skin and causes severe itching. This itch is relentless, especially at night. Skin-to-skin contact transmits the infectious organism therefore, family members and skin contact relationships create the highest risk. Scabies was declared a neglected skin disease by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2009 and is a significant health concern in many developing countries.
Permethrin 是一種用於治療疥瘡和蝨子的藥物，屬於擬除蟲菊酯類合成化學物質，會影響神經系統。它的作用機制是擾亂蝨子、蟎蟲等昆蟲神經細胞內鈉離子的運動，導致癱瘓，最終使其停止呼吸。
Permethrin is a medication used in the management and treatment of scabies and pediculosis. It is in the synthetic neurotoxic pyrethroid class of medicine. It targets eggs, lice, and mites via working on sodium transport across neuronal membranes in arthropods, causing depolarization. This results in respiratory paralysis of the affected arthropod.
Permethrin is a medication used in the management and treatment of scabies and pediculosis. It is in the synthetic neurotoxic pyrethroid class of medicine. It targets eggs, lice, and mites via working on sodium transport across neuronal membranes in arthropods, causing depolarization. This results in respiratory paralysis of the affected arthropod.
目前有多種藥物可用於治療，包括 permethrin(氯菊酯)、crotamiton(克羅米通)、lindane(林丹) 乳膏以及 ivermectin(伊維菌素)。近一個月內有性接觸或與患者同住的人亦應同時接受治療。過去三天內使用的寢具和衣物需以熱水清洗，並以熱烘乾機烘乾。治療後症狀可能持續兩到四週，若仍未改善，可能需要再次治療。
疥 (scabies) 是兒童三大常見皮膚病之一，另外兩種是癬和細菌性皮膚感染。截至 2015 年，全球約有 2.04 億人受到感染（佔世界人口的 2.8%），男女發病率相近，年輕人與老年人較易受影響，且在發展中國家與熱帶氣候地區更為常見。
○ 治療 - 非處方藥
疥瘡的一個重要特徵是所有家庭成員同時出現搔癢症狀。有些藥物（如 permethrin）可在非處方藥 (OTC) 報攤購買，治療應由全家人共同完成。
#Benzyl benzoate
#Permethrin
#Sulfur soap and cream
○ 治療
#10% crotamiton lotion
#5% permethrin cream
#1% lindane lotion
#5% sulfur ointment