Toxic epidermal necrosis - 中毒性表皮壞死https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_epidermal_necrolysis
中毒性表皮壞死 (Toxic epidermal necrosis) 是一種嚴重的皮膚反應。早期症狀包括發燒和類流感症狀。幾天后,皮膚開始起泡並剝落,形成疼痛的片狀區域。重要的是,黏膜(例如口腔)通常也會受到影響。併發症包括脫水、敗血症、肺炎和多重器官衰竭。

最常見的原因是某些藥物,如拉莫三嗪、卡馬西平、別嘌呤醇、磺胺類抗生素和奈韋拉平。危險因子包括愛滋病毒和系統性紅斑狼瘡。治療通常在醫院進行,例如燒傷科或重症監護室。

治療
這是一種嚴重的疾病,因此如果您的嘴唇或嘴巴受到影響或皮膚起水泡,請盡快去看醫生。
可疑藥物應停止使用。 (例如抗生素、非類固醇抗發炎藥)

☆ 德國 Stiftung Warentest 2022 年的結果顯示,消費者對 ModelDerm 的滿意度僅略低於付費遠距醫療諮詢。
  • 特色脫皮中毒性表皮壞死 (Toxic epidermal necrosis)
  • TENS ― 第 10 天
  • Necrolysis epidermalis toxica
  • 早期水泡可能會在幾天內迅速發展並波及整個身體。
References Stevens–Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Review of Diagnosis and Management 34577817 
NIH
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) 和 Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) 是皮膚出現大面積壞死和脫落的罕見情況。在治療方面,環孢素對 SJS 非常有效,而靜脈注射免疫球蛋白 (IVIg) 和皮質類固醇的組合對於 SJS 和 TEN 病例效果最好。
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) are rare diseases that are characterized by widespread epidermal necrosis and sloughing of skin. Regarding treatment, cyclosporine is the most effective therapy for the treatment of SJS, and a combination of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and corticosteroids is most effective for SJS/TEN overlap and TEN.
 Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Review of Past and Present Therapeutic Approaches 36469487
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) 是某些藥物和免疫系統活動引起的嚴重皮膚反應,導致外皮膚層(表皮)大規模脫離,影響身體表面30%以上。 TEN 的死亡率超過 20%,通常是由於感染和呼吸困難造成的。停止引起反應的藥物、提供支持性護理以及使用額外的治療可以改善結果。最近的研究表明,基於隨機對照試驗和多項研究的分析,環孢素、腫瘤壞死因子α抑制劑以及靜脈注射免疫球蛋白和皮質類固醇的組合等藥物可能會有所幫助。
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a serious skin reaction caused by certain medications and immune system activity, resulting in large-scale detachment of the outer skin layer (epidermis), affecting more than 30% of the body's surface. TEN has a mortality rate of over 20%, often due to infections and breathing difficulties. Stopping the medication causing the reaction, providing supportive care, and using additional treatments can improve the outcome. Recent studies have shown that drugs like cyclosporine, tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors, and a combination of intravenous immune globulin and corticosteroids can be helpful, based on randomized controlled trials and analyses of multiple studies.
 Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis and Steven–Johnson Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review 32520664 
NIH
Recent Advances: There is improved understanding of pain and morbidity with regard to the type and frequency of dressing changes. More modern dressings, such as nanocrystalline, are currently favored as they may be kept in situ for longer periods. The most recent evidence on systemic agents, such as corticosteroids and cyclosporine, and novel treatments, are also discussed.