Vasculitis - 血管炎https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasculitis
血管炎 (Vasculitis) 是一組因發炎而破壞血管的疾病。血管炎可依病因、受累部位、血管類型或血管大小分類。可能需要進行實驗室檢查與皮膚活檢,以找出根本原因。治療通常以抑制發炎與免疫系統為目標,常使用皮質類固醇,如 prednisone。

診斷
僅限於皮膚的血管炎可能會隨時間自行改善。但仍可透過血液與尿液檢查,評估是否有全身性或自體免疫疾病。

治療 - 非處方藥
若血管炎僅限於皮膚且未累及其他器官,可使用類固醇軟膏。
#OTC steroid ointment
☆ 德國 Stiftung Warentest 2022 年的結果顯示,消費者對 ModelDerm 的滿意度僅略低於付費遠距醫療諮詢。
  • 應排除其他涉及血管炎的全身性疾病(自體免疫疾病)。
  • 這是腿部血管炎的典型圖像。可透過尿液檢查評估腎功能是否異常。
  • Livedo vadculopathy
  • Purpura
  • Henoch‑Schönlein purpura(過敏性紫斑症)
References An aetiological & clinicopathological study on cutaneous vasculitis 22382191 
NIH
Of the 61 patients studied, hypersensitivity vasculitis (HSV) [23 (37.7%)] and Henoch Schonlein purpura (HSP) [16 (26.2%)] were the two most common forms. Systemic involvement was seen in 32 (52.45%) patients. Drugs were implicated in 12 (19.7%) cases, infections in 7 (11.4%) and connective tissue disorders in 4 (6.5%) cases. No association was seen between history of drug intake and tissue eosinophilia and also between histologically severe vasculitis and clinical severity.
 Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis 29489227 
NIH
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis 是一種影響皮膚深層小血管的皮膚發炎。它的發生可能沒有任何已知原因,也可能與感染、腫瘤、自體免疫疾病或藥物有關。典型症狀包括腿部出現紅色或紫色斑點、小血管受累,在大約 30% 的病例中,身體的其他部位也會受到影響。大多數病例會在幾週到幾個月內自行痊癒。治療方法根據病情的嚴重程度而有所不同,從逐漸減少口服皮質類固醇到使用其他無需類固醇即可減輕發炎的藥物。
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a cutaneous, small-vessel vasculitis of the dermal capillaries and venules. This condition can be idiopathic or can be associated with infections, neoplasms, autoimmune disorders, and drugs. Key clinical features of leukocytoclastic vasculitis include palpable purpura on the lower extremity, small vessel involvement, and, in about 30 percent of individuals, extracutaneous involvement. Most cases of idiopathic cutaneous, small vessel vasculitis are self-limited with 90 percent of cases resolving in weeks to months of onset. Otherwise, treatment depends on the severity of disease and can range from an oral corticosteroid taper to various steroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents.