Burn - Shisahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burn
I- Shisa (Burn) ukulimala kwesikhumba okubangelwa ukushisa, amakhaza, ugesi, amakhemikhali, ukungqubuzana, noma imisebe ye-ultraviolet, njengokushiswa yilanga.

Ukusha okuthinta kuphela izingqimba zangaphandle zesikhumba kwaziwa njengokusha kwesigaba sokuqala. Isikhumba sibonakala sibomvu, asikho amabhamuza, futhi ubuhlungu ngokuvamile buhlala cishe izinsuku ezintathu.

Uma ukulimala kudlulela engqimbeni yangaphansi, kubizwa ngokuthi ukusha kwesigaba sesibili. Amabhamuza avame ukuvela futhi avame ukuba buhlungu kakhulu. Ukuphulukiswa kungathatha amasonto ayisishiyagalombili futhi kungaholela ezibazeni.

Ekushiseni okwesithathu, ukulimala kudlulela kuzo zonke izingqimba zesikhumba. Ngokuvamile, ubuhlungu abukho, kodwa indawo eshisiwe iba nzima.

Ukusha kwesigaba sesine kuhlanganisa ukulimala kwezicubu ezijulile, njengemisipha, amathambo, noma imithambo. Isikhumba sivame ukuba mnyama futhi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni ingxenye eshisiwe.

Ukwelashwa – Izidakamizwa ze-OTC
Kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphuli amabhamuza endaweni eshisiwe. Kuhle ukususa i-serum kuphela ebhaleni. Kufanele uqaphele ukuthi i-gauze noma izingubo azinamathiselwe ebhamuzini, ukuze kungabikho ukunamathela noma ukulahlwa.
Vala indawo eshisiwe ngebhandeshi elihlanzekile ukuze uvikele ingxenye ethintekile. Uma amabhamuza esevele ehlile, sebenzisa ama-antibiotics noma i-silver sulfadiazine 1% ukhilimu (Silmazine). Thatha ama-NSAID, i-acetaminophen, nama-antihistamine e-OTC ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu.

Ama-antibiotics we-topical
#Bacitracin
#Silver sulfadiazine 1% cream

Isinqamuli sezinhlungu
#Ibuprofen
#Naproxen
#Acetaminophen

I-antihistamine ye-OTC
#Cetirizine [Zytec]
#Diphenhydramine [Benadryl]
#LevoCetirizine [Xyzal]
#Fexofenadine [Allegra]
#Loratadine [Claritin]
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  • Ukushiswa kwezinga lesibili: Uma kunamabhamuza, ukushisa kuhlukaniswa njengokushisa kwezinga lesibili.
  • Ukushiswa kwezinga lesibili ngamabhamuza: Ukukhipha i-serum kuphela ngaphakathi nokugcina iqhubu liqinile kungasiza ekwelapheni isilonda.
  • Ukushiswa kwezinga lesi-3
  • Nakuba isilonda singase sibonakale sithambile ekuqaleni, singaba sibi ngokushesha ngemva kosuku noma ezimbili.
  • Ukushiswa yilanga: Qaphela ukukhula kwe‑melanoma esikhathini esizayo.
  • Ukushiswa okukhulu kwesigaba sesibili
  • Ukushiswa yilanga: Ukushiswa kwelanga okuphindaphindiwe kwandisa ingozi yokuthola i-melanoma esikhathini esizayo.
References Burn Classification 30969595 
NIH
Ukushisa okuphezulu (izinga lokuqala) kuthinta kuphela ungqimba lwesikhumba olungaphezulu. Lokhu kushisa kubukeka kubomvu noma kubomvu, akakhi amabhamuza, omile, futhi kungaba buhlungu ngandlela thile. Ngokuvamile kuyelapha ezinsukwini ezingu‑5 kuya kweziyi‑10 ngaphandle kokushiya izibazi. Ukushisa kwezinga lesibili, okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi ukushiswa kokuqina okuyingxenye, kuthinta ungqimba lwangaphandle lwengxenye ejulile yesikhumba. Amabhamuza avamile futhi angase ahlale lapho eqala ukubonakala. Ngemva kokuvulwa kwebhamuza, isikhumba ngaphansi sibomvu ngokulinganayo noma pink, futhi sizoba mhlophe lapho sicindezelwa. Lokhu kushisa kubuhlungu. Ngokuvamile kuyelapha emavikini angu‑2 kuya kwangu‑3 ngezibazi ezincane. Ukushisa okujulile kokuqina okuncane kuhilela ingxenye ejulile yongqimba olujulile lwesikhumba. Njengokushisa kokuqina okuyingxenye, lezi zingaba namabhamuza aphelele. Lapho amabhamuza ekhishwa, isikhumba ngaphansi siba nombala ongalingani futhi siphenduka sibe mhlophe kancane uma sicindezelwa. Iziguli ezinalokhu kushisa zizwa ubuhlungu obuncane, okungenzeka kuphela ngengcindezi ejulile. Lokhu kushisa kungaphola ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi eside, futhi izibazi kulindeleke.
A superficial (first-degree) burn involves the epidermis only. These burns can be pink-to-red, without blistering, are dry, and can be moderately painful. Superficial burns heal without scarring within 5 to 10 days. A second-degree burn, also known as a superficial partial-thickness burn, affects the superficial layer of the dermis. Blisters are common and may still be intact when first evaluated. Once the blister is unroofed, the underlying wound bed is homogeneously red or pink and will blanch with pressure. These burns are painful. Healing typically occurs within 2 to 3 weeks with minimal scarring. A deep partial-thickness burn involves the deeper reticular dermis. Similar to superficial partial-thickness burns, these burns can also present with blisters intact. Once the blisters are debrided, the underlying wound bed is mottled and will sluggishly blanch with pressure. The patient with a partial-thickness burn experiences minimal pain, which may only be present with deep pressure. These burns can heal without surgery, but it takes longer, and scarring is unavoidable.
 Burn Resuscitation and Management 28613546 
NIH
Iningi lokusha lincane futhi lingelashwa ekhaya noma ngabahlinzeki bezempilo bendawo ngaphandle kokudinga ukungeniswa esibhedlela. Kodwa-ke, lesi sahluko sizogxila ekunakekelweni ngokushesha nasekwelapheni ukusha okukhulu. (Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, bheka izigaba zokusha, ukulinganisa kanye nokuphatha, kanye ne-Burns, Thermal.)
Most burns are small and are treated at home or by local providers as outpatients. This chapter will focus on the initial resuscitation and management of severe burns. (Also see Burns, Evaluation and Management and Burns, Thermal).
 Burn injury 32054846 
NIH
Izingozi zokushisa ngokuvamile azinakwa, kodwa zingadala umonakalo omkhulu, ngisho nokufa. Ukushisa kakhulu kubangela ukusabela komzimba okuyinkimbinkimbi, okuhlanganisa ukuphendula kwamasosha omzimba, ukushintsha kwe‑metabolic, nokushaqeka, okungaba nzima ukukwelapha futhi okungase kubangele ukwehluleka kwezitho eziningi.
Burn injuries are under-appreciated injuries that are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Burn injuries, particularly severe burns, are accompanied by an immune and inflammatory response, metabolic changes and distributive shock that can be challenging to manage and can lead to multiple organ failure.