Ulwazi olwengeziwe ― Zulu

Urticaria ivamise ukuvezwa nge‑welts (ukuvuvukala) aphakanyisiwe alume kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi kuhambisana nokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezingaphansi. Ukwelashwa ngokuyinhloko kuhilela ukugwema izimbangela, uma zaziwa. Imithi yokuqala ihlanganisa antihistamine (ama‑antihistamine), engashintshwa ibe imithamo ephezulu uma kudingeka. Eminye imithi efana ne‑antihistamine (ama‑antihistamine) amadala, H2 blockers (ama‑H2 blockers), leukotriene receptor antagonists (ama‑leukotriene receptor antagonists), antihistamine anamandla (ama‑antihistamine anamandla), kanye ne‑corticosteroids (ama‑corticosteroids) ingangezwa njengokwesekwa okwengeziwe. Ezimeni lapho i‑urticaria iqhubeka naphezu kwalezi zinyathelo, iziguli zingase zidluliselwe kochwepheshe ukuze bathole ukwelashwa okwengeziwe okufana ne‑omalizumab (omalizumab) noma i‑cyclosporine (cyclosporine).
Urticaria commonly presents with intensely itchy raised welts. It is sometimes accompanied by swelling of the underlying tissues. Treatment primarily involves avoiding triggers, if known. First-line medication includes newer antihistamines, which can be adjusted to higher doses if needed. Other medications like older antihistamines, H2 blockers, leukotriene receptor antagonists, stronger antihistamines, and short courses of corticosteroids can be added as extra support. In cases where urticaria persists despite these measures, patients might be referred to specialists for additional therapies such as omalizumab or cyclosporine.

Lokhu kubuyekezwa kuveza imihlahlandlela yakamuva yokwelapha i-urticaria futhi kunikeza ukuqonda okusha ngezimbangela zayo.
This review outlines the latest guidelines for treating urticaria and offers new understandings of its causes.

Second-generation H1-antihistamines (e.g., cetirizine, loratadine, fexofenadine), Omalizumab, Ciclosporin, and short courses only of systemic corticosteroids